---- coreutils-8.9/doc/coreutils.texi.orig 2011-01-01 22:19:23.000000000 +0100
-+++ coreutils-8.9/doc/coreutils.texi 2011-01-09 12:28:09.837901529 +0100
-@@ -20,119 +20,111 @@
+--- coreutils-8.23/doc/coreutils.texi.orig 2014-07-14 00:09:52.000000000 +0200
++++ coreutils-8.23/doc/coreutils.texi 2014-07-20 18:30:37.001187417 +0200
+@@ -22,121 +22,110 @@
@syncodeindex pg cp
@syncodeindex vr cp
+@dircategory Core utilities:
@direntry
-* Coreutils: (coreutils). Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities.
--* Common options: (coreutils)Common options. Common options.
--* File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions. Access modes.
+* Coreutils: (coreutils). Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities
-+* Common options: (coreutils)Common options. Common options
+ * Common options: (coreutils)Common options.
+-* File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions. Access modes.
+* File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions. Access modes
* Date input formats: (coreutils)Date input formats.
-@end direntry
-* cat: (coreutils)cat invocation. Concatenate and write files.
-* chcon: (coreutils)chcon invocation. Change SELinux CTX of files.
-* chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp invocation. Change file groups.
--* chmod: (coreutils)chmod invocation. Change file permissions.
--* chown: (coreutils)chown invocation. Change file owners/groups.
+-* chmod: (coreutils)chmod invocation. Change access permissions.
+-* chown: (coreutils)chown invocation. Change file owners and groups.
-* chroot: (coreutils)chroot invocation. Specify the root directory.
-* cksum: (coreutils)cksum invocation. Print POSIX CRC checksum.
-* comm: (coreutils)comm invocation. Compare sorted files by line.
+-* coreutils: (coreutils)coreutils invocation. Multi-call program.
-* cp: (coreutils)cp invocation. Copy files.
-* csplit: (coreutils)csplit invocation. Split by context.
-* cut: (coreutils)cut invocation. Print selected parts of lines.
-* hostid: (coreutils)hostid invocation. Print numeric host identifier.
-* hostname: (coreutils)hostname invocation. Print or set system name.
-* id: (coreutils)id invocation. Print user identity.
--* install: (coreutils)install invocation. Copy and change attributes.
+-* install: (coreutils)install invocation. Copy files and set attributes.
-* join: (coreutils)join invocation. Join lines on a common field.
-* kill: (coreutils)kill invocation. Send a signal to processes.
-* link: (coreutils)link invocation. Make hard links between files.
-* nl: (coreutils)nl invocation. Number lines and write files.
-* nohup: (coreutils)nohup invocation. Immunize to hangups.
-* nproc: (coreutils)nproc invocation. Print the number of processors.
+-* numfmt: (coreutils)numfmt invocation. Reformat numbers.
-* od: (coreutils)od invocation. Dump files in octal, etc.
-* paste: (coreutils)paste invocation. Merge lines of files.
-* pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk invocation. Check file name portability.
-* ptx: (coreutils)ptx invocation. Produce permuted indexes.
-* pwd: (coreutils)pwd invocation. Print working directory.
-* readlink: (coreutils)readlink invocation. Print referent of a symlink.
+-* realpath: (coreutils)realpath invocation. Print resolved file names.
-* rm: (coreutils)rm invocation. Remove files.
-* rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir invocation. Remove empty directories.
-* runcon: (coreutils)runcon invocation. Run in specified SELinux CTX.
-* stat: (coreutils)stat invocation. Report file(system) status.
-* stdbuf: (coreutils)stdbuf invocation. Modify stdio buffering.
-* stty: (coreutils)stty invocation. Print/change terminal settings.
--* su: (coreutils)su invocation. Modify user and group ID.
-* sum: (coreutils)sum invocation. Print traditional checksum.
-* sync: (coreutils)sync invocation. Synchronize memory and disk.
-* tac: (coreutils)tac invocation. Reverse files.
+* cat: (coreutils)cat. Concatenate and write files
+* chcon: (coreutils)chcon. Change SELinux CTX of files
+* chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp. Change file groups
-+* chmod: (coreutils)chmod. Change file permissions
-+* chown: (coreutils)chown. Change file owners/groups
++* chmod: (coreutils)chmod. Change access permissions
++* chown: (coreutils)chown. Change file owners and groups
+* chroot: (coreutils)chroot. Specify the root directory
+* cksum: (coreutils)cksum. Print POSIX CRC checksum
+* comm: (coreutils)comm. Compare sorted files by line
++* coreutils: (coreutils)coreutils. Multi-call program
+* cp: (coreutils)cp. Copy files
+* csplit: (coreutils)csplit. Split by context
+* cut: (coreutils)cut. Print selected parts of lines
+* groups: (coreutils)groups. Print group names a user is in
+* head: (coreutils)head. Output the first part of files
+* hostid: (coreutils)hostid. Print numeric host identifier
-+* hostname: (coreutils)hostname. Print or set system name
+* id: (coreutils)id. Print user identity
-+* install: (coreutils)install. Copy and change attributes
++* install: (coreutils)install. Copy files and set attributes
+* join: (coreutils)join. Join lines on a common field
-+* kill: (coreutils)kill. Send a signal to processes
+* link: (coreutils)link. Make hard links between files
+* ln: (coreutils)ln. Make links between files
+* logname: (coreutils)logname. Print current login name
+* nl: (coreutils)nl. Number lines and write files
+* nohup: (coreutils)nohup. Immunize to hangups
+* nproc: (coreutils)nproc. Print the number of processors
++* numfmt: (coreutils)numfmt. Reformat numbers
+* od: (coreutils)od. Dump files in octal, etc.
+* paste: (coreutils)paste. Merge lines of files
+* pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk. Check file name portability
+* ptx: (coreutils)ptx. Produce permuted indexes
+* pwd: (coreutils)pwd. Print working directory
+* readlink: (coreutils)readlink. Print referent of a symlink
++* realpath: (coreutils)realpath. Print resolved file names
+* rm: (coreutils)rm. Remove files
+* rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir. Remove empty directories
+* runcon: (coreutils)runcon. Run in specified SELinux CTX
+* seq: (coreutils)seq. Print numeric sequences
+* sha1sum: (coreutils)sha1sum. Print or check SHA-1 digests
-+* sha2: (coreutils)sha2 utilities. Print or check SHA-2 digests
++* sha2: (coreutils)sha2 Print or check SHA-2 digests
+* shred: (coreutils)shred. Remove files more securely
+* shuf: (coreutils)shuf. Shuffling text files
+* sleep: (coreutils)sleep. Delay for a specified time
+* stat: (coreutils)stat. Report file(system) status
+* stdbuf: (coreutils)stdbuf. Modify stdio buffering
+* stty: (coreutils)stty. Print/change terminal settings
-+* su: (coreutils)su. Modify user and group ID
+* sum: (coreutils)sum. Print traditional checksum
+* sync: (coreutils)sync. Synchronize memory and disk
+* tac: (coreutils)tac. Reverse files
+* unexpand: (coreutils)unexpand. Convert spaces to tabs
+* uniq: (coreutils)uniq. Uniquify files
+* unlink: (coreutils)unlink. Removal via unlink(2)
-+* uptime: (coreutils)uptime. Print uptime and load
+* users: (coreutils)users. Print current user names
+* vdir: (coreutils)vdir. List directories verbosely
+* wc: (coreutils)wc. Line, word, and byte counts
@end direntry
@copying
-@@ -197,10 +189,9 @@
- * File name manipulation:: dirname basename pathchk mktemp
+@@ -201,10 +190,9 @@
+ * File name manipulation:: dirname basename pathchk mktemp realpath
* Working context:: pwd stty printenv tty
* User information:: id logname whoami groups users who
-* System context:: date arch nproc uname hostname hostid uptime
+* System context:: date arch nproc uname hostid
* SELinux context:: chcon runcon
- * Modified command invocation:: chroot env nice nohup stdbuf su timeout
+ * Modified command invocation:: chroot env nice nohup stdbuf timeout
-* Process control:: kill
* Delaying:: sleep
* Numeric operations:: factor seq
* File permissions:: Access modes
-@@ -228,42 +219,42 @@
+@@ -230,47 +218,47 @@
+ * Traversing symlinks:: Traversing symlinks to directories
+ * Treating / specially:: Treating / specially
+ * Standards conformance:: Standards conformance
+-* coreutils invocation:: Multi-call binary invocation
++* coreutils:: Multi-call binary invocation
Output of entire files
Formatting file contents
-* fmt invocation:: Reformat paragraph text
+-* numfmt invocation:: Reformat numbers
-* pr invocation:: Paginate or columnate files for printing
-* fold invocation:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width
+* fmt:: Reformat paragraph text
++* numfmt:: Reformat numbers
+* pr:: Paginate or columnate files for printing
+* fold:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width
@command{ptx}: Produce permuted indexes
-@@ -275,15 +266,15 @@
+@@ -282,15 +270,15 @@
Operating on fields
@command{tr}: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
-@@ -293,10 +284,10 @@
+@@ -300,10 +288,10 @@
Directory listing
@command{ls}: List directory contents
-@@ -309,51 +300,51 @@
+@@ -316,51 +304,51 @@
Basic operations
@command{test}: Check file types and compare values
-@@ -372,21 +363,21 @@
+@@ -379,22 +367,22 @@
Redirection
-* dirname invocation:: Strip last file name component
-* pathchk invocation:: Check file name validity and portability
-* mktemp invocation:: Create temporary file or directory
+-* realpath invocation:: Print resolved file names
+* basename:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name
+* dirname:: Strip last file name component
+* pathchk:: Check file name validity and portability
+* mktemp:: Create temporary file or directory
++* realpath:: Print resolved file names
Working context
@command{stty}: Print or change terminal characteristics
-@@ -400,22 +391,20 @@
+@@ -408,22 +396,20 @@
User information
@command{date}: Print or set system date and time
-@@ -430,31 +419,27 @@
+@@ -438,30 +424,26 @@
SELinux context
-* nice invocation:: Run a command with modified niceness
-* nohup invocation:: Run a command immune to hangups
-* stdbuf invocation:: Run a command with modified I/O buffering
--* su invocation:: Run a command with substitute user and group ID
-* timeout invocation:: Run a command with a time limit
-
-Process control
+* nice:: Run a command with modified niceness
+* nohup:: Run a command immune to hangups
+* stdbuf:: Run a command with modified I/O buffering
-+* su:: Run a command with substitute user and group ID
+* timeout:: Run a command with a time limit
Delaying
File permissions
-@@ -1443,14 +1428,14 @@
+@@ -773,7 +755,7 @@
+ * Treating / specially:: --preserve-root and --no-preserve-root.
+ * Special built-in utilities:: @command{break}, @command{:}, @dots{}
+ * Standards conformance:: Conformance to the POSIX standard.
+-* coreutils invocation:: Multi-call binary invocation.
++* coreutils:: Multi-call binary invocation.
+ @end menu
+
+
+@@ -1497,7 +1479,7 @@
+ or @samp{tail +10}, you can work around any compatibility problems by setting
+ @samp{_POSIX2_VERSION=199209} in your environment.
+
+-@node coreutils invocation
++@node coreutils
+ @section @command{coreutils}: Multi-call binary
+
+ @pindex multicall
+@@ -1523,14 +1505,14 @@
in some way.
@menu
@section @command{cat}: Concatenate and write files
@pindex cat
-@@ -1550,7 +1535,7 @@
+@@ -1630,7 +1612,7 @@
@end smallexample
@section @command{tac}: Concatenate and write files in reverse
@pindex tac
-@@ -1599,7 +1584,7 @@
- @exitstatus
+@@ -1686,7 +1668,7 @@
+ @end example
-@node nl invocation
@section @command{nl}: Number lines and write files
@pindex nl
-@@ -1762,7 +1747,7 @@
+@@ -1849,7 +1831,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{od}: Write files in octal or other formats
@pindex od
-@@ -2016,7 +2001,7 @@
+@@ -2114,7 +2096,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{base64}: Transform data into printable data
@pindex base64
-@@ -2084,13 +2069,13 @@
+@@ -2182,14 +2164,14 @@
These commands reformat the contents of files.
@menu
-* fmt invocation:: Reformat paragraph text.
+-* numfmt invocation:: Reformat numbers.
-* pr invocation:: Paginate or columnate files for printing.
-* fold invocation:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width.
+* fmt:: Reformat paragraph text.
++* numfmt:: Reformat numbers.
+* pr:: Paginate or columnate files for printing.
+* fold:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width.
@end menu
@section @command{fmt}: Reformat paragraph text
@pindex fmt
-@@ -2189,7 +2174,7 @@
+@@ -2293,7 +2275,7 @@
+
@exitstatus
+-@node numfmt invocation
++@node numfmt
+ @section @command{numfmt}: Reformat numbers
+
+ @pindex numfmt
+@@ -2615,7 +2597,7 @@
+ == 2,14,74,83,648==
+ @end example
-@node pr invocation
+@node pr
@section @command{pr}: Paginate or columnate files for printing
@pindex pr
-@@ -2329,7 +2314,7 @@
+@@ -2725,7 +2707,7 @@
@cindex time formats
@cindex formatting times
Format header dates using @var{format}, using the same conventions as
--for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}; @xref{date invocation}.
-+for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}; @xref{date}.
+-for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}. @xref{date invocation}.
++for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}. @xref{date}.
Except for directives, which start with
@samp{%}, characters in @var{format} are printed unchanged. You can use
this option to specify an arbitrary string in place of the header date,
-@@ -2556,7 +2541,7 @@
+@@ -2955,7 +2937,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{fold}: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width
@pindex fold
-@@ -2623,13 +2608,13 @@
+@@ -3022,13 +3004,13 @@
These commands output pieces of the input.
@menu
@section @command{head}: Output the first part of files
@pindex head
-@@ -2706,7 +2691,7 @@
+@@ -3105,7 +3087,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{tail}: Output the last part of files
@pindex tail
-@@ -2922,7 +2907,7 @@
+@@ -3343,7 +3325,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{split}: Split a file into pieces.
@pindex split
-@@ -3112,7 +3097,7 @@
+@@ -3572,7 +3554,7 @@
@end example
@section @command{csplit}: Split a file into context-determined pieces
@pindex csplit
-@@ -3303,16 +3288,16 @@
+@@ -3788,16 +3770,16 @@
contents of files.
@menu
@section @command{wc}: Print newline, word, and byte counts
@pindex wc
-@@ -3430,7 +3415,7 @@
+@@ -3915,7 +3897,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{sum}: Print checksum and block counts
@pindex sum
-@@ -3481,7 +3466,7 @@
+@@ -3966,7 +3948,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{cksum}: Print CRC checksum and byte counts
@pindex cksum
-@@ -3515,7 +3500,7 @@
+@@ -4000,7 +3982,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{md5sum}: Print or check MD5 digests
@pindex md5sum
-@@ -3643,7 +3628,7 @@
+@@ -4146,7 +4128,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{sha1sum}: Print or check SHA-1 digests
@pindex sha1sum
-@@ -3655,7 +3640,7 @@
+@@ -4158,7 +4140,7 @@
@command{sha1sum} computes a 160-bit checksum for each specified
@var{file}. The usage and options of this command are precisely the
Note: The SHA-1 digest is more secure than MD5, and no collisions of
it are known (different files having the same fingerprint). However,
-@@ -3695,7 +3680,7 @@
+@@ -4198,7 +4180,7 @@
various lengths (respectively 224, 256, 384 and 512 bits),
collectively known as the SHA-2 hashes. The usage and options of
these commands are precisely the same as for @command{md5sum}.
Note: The SHA384 and SHA512 digests are considerably slower to
compute, especially on 32-bit computers, than SHA224 or SHA256.
-@@ -3710,16 +3695,16 @@
+@@ -4213,16 +4195,16 @@
These commands work with (or produce) sorted files.
@menu
@section @command{sort}: Sort text files
@pindex sort
-@@ -4008,7 +3993,7 @@
+@@ -4511,7 +4493,7 @@
Sort by hashing the input keys and then sorting the hash values.
Choose the hash function at random, ensuring that it is free of
collisions so that differing keys have differing hash values. This is
except that keys with the same value sort together.
If multiple random sort fields are specified, the same random hash
-@@ -4196,7 +4181,7 @@
+@@ -4699,7 +4681,7 @@
@var{n} is set to the number of available processors, but limited
to 8, as there are diminishing performance gains after that.
Note also that using @var{n} threads increases the memory usage by
@item -u
@itemx --unique
-@@ -4214,7 +4199,7 @@
+@@ -4717,7 +4699,7 @@
this equivalence does not extend to arbitrary @command{sort} options.
For example, @code{sort -n -u} inspects only the value of the initial
numeric string when checking for uniqueness, whereas @code{sort -n |
-uniq} inspects the entire line. @xref{uniq invocation}.
+uniq} inspects the entire line. @xref{uniq}.
- @macro zeroTerminatedOption
- @item -z
-@@ -4437,7 +4422,7 @@
+ @optZeroTerminated
+
+@@ -4926,7 +4908,7 @@
@end itemize
@section @command{shuf}: Shuffling text
@pindex shuf
-@@ -4567,7 +4552,7 @@
+@@ -5082,7 +5064,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{uniq}: Uniquify files
@pindex uniq
-@@ -4589,7 +4574,7 @@
+@@ -5104,7 +5086,7 @@
The input need not be sorted, but repeated input lines are detected
only if they are adjacent. If you want to discard non-adjacent
duplicate lines, perhaps you want to use @code{sort -u}.
@vindex LC_COLLATE
Comparisons honor the rules specified by the @env{LC_COLLATE}
-@@ -4716,7 +4701,7 @@
+@@ -5266,7 +5248,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{comm}: Compare two sorted files line by line
@pindex comm
-@@ -4792,7 +4777,7 @@
+@@ -5348,7 +5330,7 @@
@end table
@section @command{ptx}: Produce permuted indexes
@pindex ptx
-@@ -5249,7 +5234,7 @@
+@@ -5807,7 +5789,7 @@
@end itemize
@section @command{tsort}: Topological sort
@pindex tsort
-@@ -5411,13 +5396,13 @@
+@@ -5969,13 +5951,13 @@
@chapter Operating on fields
@menu
@section @command{cut}: Print selected parts of lines
@pindex cut
-@@ -5522,7 +5507,7 @@
+@@ -6095,7 +6077,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{paste}: Merge lines of files
@pindex paste
-@@ -5592,7 +5577,7 @@
+@@ -6191,7 +6173,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{join}: Join lines on a common field
@pindex join
-@@ -5757,13 +5742,13 @@
- This commands operate on individual characters.
+@@ -6367,13 +6349,13 @@
+ These commands operate on individual characters.
@menu
-* tr invocation:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters.
@section @command{tr}: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
@pindex tr
-@@ -6142,7 +6127,7 @@
+@@ -6753,7 +6735,7 @@
@end itemize
@section @command{expand}: Convert tabs to spaces
@pindex expand
-@@ -6195,7 +6180,7 @@
+@@ -6806,7 +6788,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{unexpand}: Convert spaces to tabs
@pindex unexpand
-@@ -6256,14 +6241,14 @@
+@@ -6867,14 +6849,14 @@
and @command{vdir}, which list information about files.
@menu
@section @command{ls}: List directory contents
@pindex ls
-@@ -7101,7 +7086,7 @@
+@@ -7737,7 +7719,7 @@
@item +@var{format}
@vindex LC_TIME
List timestamps using @var{format}, where @var{format} is interpreted
For example, @option{--time-style="+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"} causes
@command{ls} to list timestamps like @samp{2002-03-30 23:45:56}. As
with @command{date}, @var{format}'s interpretation is affected by the
-@@ -7293,7 +7278,7 @@
+@@ -7929,7 +7911,7 @@
@end table
@section @command{dir}: Briefly list directory contents
@pindex dir
-@@ -7303,10 +7288,10 @@
+@@ -7939,10 +7921,10 @@
-b}; that is, by default files are listed in columns, sorted vertically,
and special characters are represented by backslash escape sequences.
@section @command{vdir}: Verbosely list directory contents
@pindex vdir
-@@ -7316,7 +7301,7 @@
+@@ -7952,7 +7934,7 @@
-b}; that is, by default files are listed in long format and special
characters are represented by backslash escape sequences.
@section @command{dircolors}: Color setup for @command{ls}
@pindex dircolors
-@@ -7403,16 +7388,16 @@
+@@ -8039,16 +8021,16 @@
copying, moving (renaming), and deleting (removing).
@menu
@section @command{cp}: Copy files and directories
@pindex cp
-@@ -7861,7 +7846,7 @@
+@@ -8526,7 +8508,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{dd}: Convert and copy a file
@pindex dd
-@@ -8226,7 +8211,7 @@
+@@ -9016,7 +8998,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{install}: Copy files and set attributes
@pindex install
-@@ -8407,7 +8392,7 @@
+@@ -9197,7 +9179,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{mv}: Move (rename) files
@pindex mv
-@@ -8538,7 +8523,7 @@
+@@ -9338,7 +9320,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{rm}: Remove files or directories
@pindex rm
-@@ -8693,7 +8678,7 @@
+@@ -9501,7 +9483,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{shred}: Remove files more securely
@pindex shred
-@@ -8703,7 +8688,7 @@
+@@ -9511,7 +9493,7 @@
@command{shred} overwrites devices or files, to help prevent even
very expensive hardware from recovering the data.
not actually destroyed. Only the index listing where the file is
stored is destroyed, and the storage is made available for reuse.
There are undelete utilities that will attempt to reconstruct the index
-@@ -8936,18 +8921,18 @@
+@@ -9772,18 +9754,18 @@
(FIFOs), symbolic links, sockets, and so-called @dfn{special files}.
@menu
@section @command{link}: Make a hard link via the link syscall
@pindex link
-@@ -8960,7 +8945,7 @@
+@@ -9796,7 +9778,7 @@
@code{link} function. @xref{Hard Links, , , libc,
The GNU C Library Reference Manual}.
It avoids the bells and whistles of the more commonly-used
Synopsis:
@example
-@@ -8986,7 +8971,7 @@
+@@ -9822,7 +9804,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{ln}: Make links between files
@pindex ln
-@@ -9215,7 +9200,7 @@
+@@ -10006,7 +9988,7 @@
+ Relative symbolic links are generated based on their canonicalized
+ containing directory, and canonicalized targets. I.E. all symbolic
+ links in these file names will be resolved.
+-@xref{realpath invocation}, which gives greater control
++@xref{realpath}, which gives greater control
+ over relative file name generation, as demonstrated in the following example:
+
+ @example
+@@ -10083,7 +10065,7 @@
@end smallexample
@section @command{mkdir}: Make directories
@pindex mkdir
-@@ -9294,7 +9279,7 @@
+@@ -10156,7 +10138,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{mkfifo}: Make FIFOs (named pipes)
@pindex mkfifo
-@@ -9341,7 +9326,7 @@
+@@ -10197,7 +10179,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{mknod}: Make block or character special files
@pindex mknod
-@@ -9424,7 +9409,7 @@
+@@ -10274,7 +10256,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{readlink}: Print value of a symlink or canonical file name
@pindex readlink
-@@ -9520,7 +9505,7 @@
+@@ -10372,7 +10354,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{rmdir}: Remove empty directories
@pindex rmdir
-@@ -9568,12 +9553,12 @@
+@@ -10420,12 +10402,12 @@
@end table
@section @command{unlink}: Remove files via the unlink syscall
@pindex unlink
-@@ -9584,7 +9569,7 @@
+@@ -10436,7 +10418,7 @@
@code{unlink} function. @xref{Deleting Files, , , libc,
The GNU C Library Reference Manual}. Synopsis:
It avoids the bells and whistles of the more commonly-used
@example
unlink @var{filename}
-@@ -9618,14 +9603,14 @@
+@@ -10470,14 +10452,14 @@
These commands change file attributes.
@menu
+-* chown invocation:: Change file owners and groups.
-* chgrp invocation:: Change file groups.
-* chmod invocation:: Change access permissions.
--* chown invocation:: Change file owners and groups.
-* touch invocation:: Change file timestamps.
++* chown:: Change file owners and groups.
+* chgrp:: Change file groups.
+* chmod:: Change access permissions.
-+* chown:: Change file owners and groups.
+* touch:: Change file timestamps.
@end menu
@section @command{chown}: Change file owner and group
@pindex chown
-@@ -9843,7 +9828,7 @@
+@@ -10702,7 +10684,7 @@
@end smallexample
@section @command{chgrp}: Change group ownership
@pindex chgrp
-@@ -9966,7 +9951,7 @@
+@@ -10711,7 +10693,7 @@
+
+ @command{chgrp} changes the group ownership of each given @var{file}
+ to @var{group} (which can be either a group name or a numeric group ID)
+-or to the group of an existing reference file. @xref{chown invocation}.
++or to the group of an existing reference file. @xref{chown}.
+ Synopsis:
+
+ @example
+@@ -10828,7 +10810,7 @@
@end smallexample
@section @command{chmod}: Change access permissions
@pindex chmod
-@@ -10066,7 +10051,7 @@
+@@ -10928,7 +10910,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{touch}: Change file timestamps
@pindex touch
-@@ -10243,15 +10228,15 @@
+@@ -11135,15 +11117,15 @@
file status information, and write buffers to disk.
@menu
@section @command{df}: Report file system disk space usage
@pindex df
-@@ -10464,7 +10449,7 @@
- @samp{ext3} or @samp{reiserfs}.
+@@ -11442,7 +11424,7 @@
+ or @option{-x} is used together with a file name argument.
-@node du invocation
@section @command{du}: Estimate file space usage
@pindex du
-@@ -10662,7 +10647,7 @@
+@@ -11699,7 +11681,7 @@
@item +@var{format}
@vindex LC_TIME
List timestamps using @var{format}, where @var{format} is interpreted
For example, @option{--time-style="+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"} causes
@command{du} to list timestamps like @samp{2002-03-30 23:45:56}. As
with @command{date}, @var{format}'s interpretation is affected by the
-@@ -10730,7 +10715,7 @@
+@@ -11767,7 +11749,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{stat}: Report file or file system status
@pindex stat
-@@ -10914,7 +10899,7 @@
+@@ -11956,7 +11938,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{sync}: Synchronize data on disk with memory
@pindex sync
-@@ -10941,7 +10926,7 @@
+@@ -11983,7 +11965,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{truncate}: Shrink or extend the size of a file
@pindex truncate
-@@ -11017,13 +11002,13 @@
+@@ -12060,13 +12042,13 @@
This section describes commands that display text strings.
@menu
@section @command{echo}: Print a line of text
@pindex echo
-@@ -11110,12 +11095,12 @@
+@@ -12155,12 +12137,12 @@
@var{string} contains a backslash or if the first argument is
@option{-n}. Portable programs can use the @command{printf} command
if they need to omit trailing newlines or output control characters or
@section @command{printf}: Format and print data
@pindex printf
-@@ -11264,7 +11249,7 @@
+@@ -12314,7 +12296,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{yes}: Print a string until interrupted
@pindex yes
-@@ -11295,14 +11280,14 @@
+@@ -12345,14 +12327,14 @@
pipeline.
@menu
@section @command{false}: Do nothing, unsuccessfully
@pindex false
-@@ -11332,7 +11317,7 @@
- non-@acronym{GNU} hosts.
+@@ -12382,7 +12364,7 @@
+ non-GNU hosts.
-@node true invocation
@section @command{true}: Do nothing, successfully
@pindex true
-@@ -11368,7 +11353,7 @@
+@@ -12418,7 +12400,7 @@
more secure and faster than a shell script implementation, and may safely
be used as a dummy shell for the purpose of disabling accounts.
@section @command{test}: Check file types and compare values
@pindex test
-@@ -11696,7 +11681,7 @@
+@@ -12751,7 +12733,7 @@
@end table
@section @command{expr}: Evaluate expressions
@pindex expr
-@@ -11973,11 +11958,11 @@
+@@ -13028,11 +13010,11 @@
it's described here.
@menu
@section @command{tee}: Redirect output to multiple files or processes
@pindex tee
-@@ -12138,14 +12123,14 @@
+@@ -13193,15 +13175,15 @@
This section describes commands that manipulate file names.
@menu
-* dirname invocation:: Strip last file name component.
-* pathchk invocation:: Check file name validity and portability.
-* mktemp invocation:: Create temporary file or directory.
+-* realpath invocation:: Print resolved file names.
+* basename:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name.
+* dirname:: Strip last file name component.
+* pathchk:: Check file name validity and portability.
+* mktemp:: Create temporary file or directory.
++* realpath:: Print resolved file names.
@end menu
@section @command{basename}: Strip directory and suffix from a file name
@pindex basename
-@@ -12199,7 +12184,7 @@
+@@ -13283,7 +13265,7 @@
@end smallexample
@section @command{dirname}: Strip last file name component
@pindex dirname
-@@ -12244,7 +12229,7 @@
+@@ -13336,7 +13318,7 @@
@end smallexample
@section @command{pathchk}: Check file name validity and portability
@pindex pathchk
-@@ -12320,7 +12305,7 @@
+@@ -13412,7 +13394,7 @@
1 otherwise.
@end display
@section @command{mktemp}: Create temporary file or directory
@pindex mktemp
-@@ -12506,14 +12491,14 @@
+@@ -13587,7 +13569,7 @@
+ @end display
+
+
+-@node realpath invocation
++@node realpath
+ @section @command{realpath}: Print the resolved file name.
+
+ @pindex realpath
+@@ -13711,14 +13693,14 @@
so forth. See also the user-related commands in the next section.
@menu
@section @command{pwd}: Print working directory
@pindex pwd
-@@ -12560,7 +12545,7 @@
+@@ -13765,7 +13747,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{stty}: Print or change terminal characteristics
@pindex stty
-@@ -13244,7 +13229,7 @@
+@@ -14466,7 +14448,7 @@
@end table
@section @command{printenv}: Print all or some environment variables
@pindex printenv
-@@ -13279,7 +13264,7 @@
+@@ -14501,7 +14483,7 @@
@end display
@section @command{tty}: Print file name of terminal on standard input
@pindex tty
-@@ -13329,16 +13314,16 @@
+@@ -14551,16 +14533,16 @@
logins, groups, and so forth.
@menu
@section @command{id}: Print user identity
@pindex id
-@@ -13424,7 +13409,7 @@
- @end macro
- @primaryAndSupplementaryGroups{id,user argument}
+@@ -14664,7 +14646,7 @@
+
+ @exitstatus
-@node logname invocation
+@node logname
@section @command{logname}: Print current login name
@pindex logname
-@@ -13445,7 +13430,7 @@
+@@ -14685,7 +14667,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{whoami}: Print effective user ID
@pindex whoami
-@@ -13461,7 +13446,7 @@
+@@ -14701,7 +14683,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{groups}: Print group names a user is in
@pindex groups
-@@ -13489,7 +13474,7 @@
- @exitstatus
+@@ -14728,7 +14710,7 @@
+ @exitstatus
-@node users invocation
+@node users
@section @command{users}: Print login names of users currently logged in
@pindex users
-@@ -13520,7 +13505,7 @@
+@@ -14759,7 +14741,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{who}: Print who is currently logged in
@pindex who
-@@ -13679,16 +13664,14 @@
+@@ -14918,16 +14900,14 @@
information.
@menu
@section @command{date}: Print or set system date and time
@pindex date
-@@ -14321,7 +14304,7 @@
+@@ -15620,7 +15600,7 @@
@end itemize
@section @command{arch}: Print machine hardware name
@pindex arch
-@@ -14341,7 +14324,7 @@
+@@ -15640,7 +15620,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{nproc}: Print the number of available processors
@pindex nproc
-@@ -14378,7 +14361,7 @@
+@@ -15677,7 +15657,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{uname}: Print system information
@pindex uname
-@@ -14508,31 +14491,7 @@
+@@ -15807,31 +15787,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{hostid}: Print numeric host identifier
@pindex hostid
-@@ -14556,37 +14515,6 @@
+@@ -15855,37 +15811,6 @@
@exitstatus
@node SELinux context
@chapter SELinux context
-@@ -14598,11 +14526,11 @@
+@@ -15897,11 +15822,11 @@
contexts.
@menu
@section @command{chcon}: Change SELinux context of file
@pindex chcon
-@@ -14689,7 +14617,7 @@
+@@ -16004,7 +15929,7 @@
@exitstatus
@section @command{runcon}: Run a command in specified SELinux context
@pindex runcon
-@@ -14774,17 +14702,17 @@
+@@ -16089,16 +16014,16 @@
user, etc.
@menu
-* nice invocation:: Modify niceness.
-* nohup invocation:: Immunize to hangups.
-* stdbuf invocation:: Modify buffering of standard streams.
--* su invocation:: Modify user and group ID.
-* timeout invocation:: Run with time limit.
+* chroot:: Modify the root directory.
+* env:: Modify environment variables.
+* nice:: Modify niceness.
+* nohup:: Immunize to hangups.
+* stdbuf:: Modify buffering of standard streams.
-+* su:: Modify user and group ID.
+* timeout:: Run with time limit.
@end menu
@section @command{chroot}: Run a command with a different root directory
@pindex chroot
-@@ -14872,7 +14800,7 @@
+@@ -16198,7 +16123,7 @@
@end display
@section @command{env}: Run a command in a modified environment
@pindex env
-@@ -15022,7 +14950,7 @@
+@@ -16348,7 +16273,7 @@
@end display
@section @command{nice}: Run a command with modified niceness
@pindex nice
-@@ -15145,7 +15073,7 @@
+@@ -16475,7 +16400,7 @@
@end example
@section @command{nohup}: Run a command immune to hangups
@pindex nohup
-@@ -15218,7 +15146,7 @@
+@@ -16548,7 +16473,7 @@
instead of 125.
@section @command{stdbuf}: Run a command with modified I/O stream buffering
@pindex stdbuf
-@@ -15297,7 +15225,7 @@
+@@ -16637,7 +16562,7 @@
@end display
--@node su invocation
-+@node su
- @section @command{su}: Run a command with substitute user and group ID
-
- @pindex su
-@@ -15454,7 +15382,7 @@
- might find this idea strange at first.
-
-
-@node timeout invocation
+@node timeout
@section @command{timeout}: Run a command with a time limit
@pindex timeout
-@@ -15515,89 +15443,6 @@
+@@ -16724,90 +16649,6 @@
@end display
-
-The first form of the @command{kill} command sends a signal to all
-@var{pid} arguments. The default signal to send if none is specified
--is @samp{TERM}. The special signal number @samp{0} does not denote a
+-is @samp{TERM}@. The special signal number @samp{0} does not denote a
-valid signal, but can be used to test whether the @var{pid} arguments
-specify processes to which a signal could be sent.
-
-
-If a negative @var{pid} argument is desired as the first one, it
-should be preceded by @option{--}. However, as a common extension to
--@acronym{POSIX}, @option{--} is not required with @samp{kill
+-POSIX, @option{--} is not required with @samp{kill
--@var{signal} -@var{pid}}. The following commands are equivalent:
-
-@example
-A @var{signal} may be a signal name like @samp{HUP}, or a signal
-number like @samp{1}, or an exit status of a process terminated by the
-signal. A signal name can be given in canonical form or prefixed by
--@samp{SIG}. The case of the letters is ignored, except for the
+-@samp{SIG}@. The case of the letters is ignored, except for the
-@option{-@var{signal}} option which must use upper case to avoid
--ambiguity with lower case option letters. For a list of supported
--signal names and numbers see @xref{Signal specifications}.
+-ambiguity with lower case option letters.
+-@xref{Signal specifications}, for a list of supported
+-signal names and numbers.
-
@node Delaying
@chapter Delaying
-@@ -15607,11 +15452,11 @@
+@@ -16817,11 +16658,11 @@
@c Perhaps @command{wait} or other commands should be described here also?
@menu
@section @command{sleep}: Delay for a specified time
@pindex sleep
-@@ -15662,12 +15507,12 @@
+@@ -16871,12 +16712,12 @@
These programs do numerically-related operations.
@menu
@section @command{factor}: Print prime factors
@pindex factor
-@@ -15723,7 +15568,7 @@
+@@ -16934,7 +16775,7 @@
@exitstatus
projects / packages / coreutils.git / blobdiff