]>
Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
876a8767 JB |
1 | diff -Nur coreutils-5.2.1.orig/doc/coreutils.texi coreutils-5.2.1/doc/coreutils.texi |
2 | --- coreutils-5.2.1.orig/doc/coreutils.texi Wed Mar 10 18:50:52 2004 | |
3 | +++ coreutils-5.2.1/doc/coreutils.texi Thu Mar 18 16:40:26 2004 | |
4 | @@ -20,102 +20,93 @@ | |
fbb5b105 JB |
5 | @syncodeindex pg cp |
6 | @syncodeindex vr cp | |
7 | ||
8 | -@dircategory Basics | |
9 | +@dircategory Core utilities: | |
10 | @direntry | |
11 | -* Coreutils: (coreutils). Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities. | |
12 | -* Common options: (coreutils)Common options. Common options. | |
13 | -* File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions. Access modes. | |
a839fc2f | 14 | -* Date input formats: (coreutils)Date input formats. |
fbb5b105 | 15 | -@end direntry |
a839fc2f | 16 | - |
fbb5b105 JB |
17 | -@dircategory Individual utilities |
18 | -@direntry | |
a839fc2f JB |
19 | -* basename: (coreutils)basename invocation. Strip directory and suffix. |
20 | -* cat: (coreutils)cat invocation. Concatenate and write files. | |
21 | -* chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp invocation. Change file groups. | |
22 | -* chmod: (coreutils)chmod invocation. Change file permissions. | |
23 | -* chown: (coreutils)chown invocation. Change file owners/groups. | |
24 | -* chroot: (coreutils)chroot invocation. Specify the root directory. | |
fbb5b105 | 25 | -* cksum: (coreutils)cksum invocation. Print POSIX CRC checksum. |
a839fc2f JB |
26 | -* comm: (coreutils)comm invocation. Compare sorted files by line. |
27 | -* cp: (coreutils)cp invocation. Copy files. | |
28 | -* csplit: (coreutils)csplit invocation. Split by context. | |
29 | -* cut: (coreutils)cut invocation. Print selected parts of lines. | |
30 | -* date: (coreutils)date invocation. Print/set system date and time. | |
31 | -* dd: (coreutils)dd invocation. Copy and convert a file. | |
32 | -* df: (coreutils)df invocation. Report filesystem disk usage. | |
33 | -* dir: (coreutils)dir invocation. List directories briefly. | |
34 | -* dircolors: (coreutils)dircolors invocation. Color setup for ls. | |
35 | -* dirname: (coreutils)dirname invocation. Strip non-directory suffix. | |
36 | -* du: (coreutils)du invocation. Report on disk usage. | |
37 | -* echo: (coreutils)echo invocation. Print a line of text. | |
38 | -* env: (coreutils)env invocation. Modify the environment. | |
39 | -* expand: (coreutils)expand invocation. Convert tabs to spaces. | |
40 | -* expr: (coreutils)expr invocation. Evaluate expressions. | |
41 | -* factor: (coreutils)factor invocation. Print prime factors | |
42 | -* false: (coreutils)false invocation. Do nothing, unsuccessfully. | |
43 | -* fmt: (coreutils)fmt invocation. Reformat paragraph text. | |
44 | -* fold: (coreutils)fold invocation. Wrap long input lines. | |
45 | -* groups: (coreutils)groups invocation. Print group names a user is in. | |
46 | -* head: (coreutils)head invocation. Output the first part of files. | |
47 | -* hostid: (coreutils)hostid invocation. Print numeric host identifier. | |
48 | -* hostname: (coreutils)hostname invocation. Print or set system name. | |
49 | -* id: (coreutils)id invocation. Print real/effective uid/gid. | |
50 | -* install: (coreutils)install invocation. Copy and change attributes. | |
51 | -* join: (coreutils)join invocation. Join lines on a common field. | |
52 | -* kill: (coreutils)kill invocation. Send a signal to processes. | |
53 | -* link: (coreutils)link invocation. Make hard links between files. | |
54 | -* ln: (coreutils)ln invocation. Make links between files. | |
55 | -* logname: (coreutils)logname invocation. Print current login name. | |
56 | -* ls: (coreutils)ls invocation. List directory contents. | |
57 | -* md5sum: (coreutils)md5sum invocation. Print or check message-digests. | |
58 | -* mkdir: (coreutils)mkdir invocation. Create directories. | |
59 | -* mkfifo: (coreutils)mkfifo invocation. Create FIFOs (named pipes). | |
60 | -* mknod: (coreutils)mknod invocation. Create special files. | |
61 | -* mv: (coreutils)mv invocation. Rename files. | |
62 | -* nice: (coreutils)nice invocation. Modify scheduling priority. | |
63 | -* nl: (coreutils)nl invocation. Number lines and write files. | |
64 | -* nohup: (coreutils)nohup invocation. Immunize to hangups. | |
65 | -* od: (coreutils)od invocation. Dump files in octal, etc. | |
66 | -* paste: (coreutils)paste invocation. Merge lines of files. | |
67 | -* pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk invocation. Check file name portability. | |
68 | -* pr: (coreutils)pr invocation. Paginate or columnate files. | |
69 | -* printenv: (coreutils)printenv invocation. Print environment variables. | |
70 | -* printf: (coreutils)printf invocation. Format and print data. | |
71 | -* ptx: (coreutils)ptx invocation. Produce permuted indexes. | |
72 | -* pwd: (coreutils)pwd invocation. Print working directory. | |
fbb5b105 | 73 | -* readlink: (coreutils)readlink invocation. Print referent of a symlink. |
a839fc2f JB |
74 | -* rm: (coreutils)rm invocation. Remove files. |
75 | -* rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir invocation. Remove empty directories. | |
76 | -* seq: (coreutils)seq invocation. Print numeric sequences | |
77 | -* shred: (coreutils)shred invocation. Remove files more securely. | |
78 | -* sleep: (coreutils)sleep invocation. Delay for a specified time. | |
79 | -* sort: (coreutils)sort invocation. Sort text files. | |
80 | -* split: (coreutils)split invocation. Split into fixed-size pieces. | |
fbb5b105 | 81 | -* stat: (coreutils)stat invocation. Report file(system) status. |
a839fc2f JB |
82 | -* stty: (coreutils)stty invocation. Print/change terminal settings. |
83 | -* su: (coreutils)su invocation. Modify user and group id. | |
84 | -* sum: (coreutils)sum invocation. Print traditional checksum. | |
85 | -* sync: (coreutils)sync invocation. Synchronize memory and disk. | |
86 | -* tac: (coreutils)tac invocation. Reverse files. | |
87 | -* tail: (coreutils)tail invocation. Output the last part of files. | |
88 | -* tee: (coreutils)tee invocation. Redirect to multiple files. | |
89 | -* test: (coreutils)test invocation. File/string tests. | |
90 | -* touch: (coreutils)touch invocation. Change file timestamps. | |
91 | -* tr: (coreutils)tr invocation. Translate characters. | |
92 | -* true: (coreutils)true invocation. Do nothing, successfully. | |
93 | -* tsort: (coreutils)tsort invocation. Topological sort. | |
94 | -* tty: (coreutils)tty invocation. Print terminal name. | |
95 | -* uname: (coreutils)uname invocation. Print system information. | |
96 | -* unexpand: (coreutils)unexpand invocation. Convert spaces to tabs. | |
a839fc2f | 97 | -* uniq: (coreutils)uniq invocation. Uniquify files. |
fbb5b105 | 98 | -* unlink: (coreutils)unlink invocation. Removal via unlink(2). |
a839fc2f JB |
99 | -* users: (coreutils)users invocation. Print current user names. |
100 | -* vdir: (coreutils)vdir invocation. List directories verbosely. | |
876a8767 | 101 | -* wc: (coreutils)wc invocation. Line, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f JB |
102 | -* who: (coreutils)who invocation. Print who is logged in. |
103 | -* whoami: (coreutils)whoami invocation. Print effective user id. | |
104 | -* yes: (coreutils)yes invocation. Print a string indefinitely. | |
876a8767 | 105 | +* Coreutils: (coreutils). Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities |
a839fc2f | 106 | +* basename: (coreutils)basename. Strip directory and suffix |
fbb5b105 JB |
107 | +* cat: (coreutils)cat. Concatenate and write files |
108 | +* chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp. Change file groups | |
109 | +* chmod: (coreutils)chmod. Change file permissions | |
110 | +* chown: (coreutils)chown. Change file owners/groups | |
111 | +* chroot: (coreutils)chroot. Specify the root directory | |
112 | +* cksum: (coreutils)cksum. Print POSIX CRC checksum | |
113 | +* comm: (coreutils)comm. Compare sorted files by line | |
114 | +* cp: (coreutils)cp. Copy files | |
115 | +* csplit: (coreutils)csplit. Split by context | |
116 | +* cut: (coreutils)cut. Print selected parts of lines | |
117 | +* date: (coreutils)date. Print/set system date and time | |
118 | +* dd: (coreutils)dd. Copy and convert a file | |
119 | +* df: (coreutils)df. Report filesystem disk usage | |
120 | +* dir: (coreutils)dir. List directories briefly | |
121 | +* dircolors: (coreutils)dircolors. Color setup for ls | |
122 | +* dirname: (coreutils)dirname. Strip non-directory suffix | |
123 | +* du: (coreutils)du. Report on disk usage | |
124 | +* echo: (coreutils)echo. Print a line of text | |
125 | +* env: (coreutils)env. Modify the environment | |
126 | +* expand: (coreutils)expand. Convert tabs to spaces | |
127 | +* expr: (coreutils)expr. Evaluate expressions | |
a839fc2f | 128 | +* factor: (coreutils)factor. Print prime factors |
fbb5b105 JB |
129 | +* false: (coreutils)false. Do nothing, unsuccessfully |
130 | +* fmt: (coreutils)fmt. Reformat paragraph text | |
131 | +* fold: (coreutils)fold. Wrap long input lines | |
fc53c102 | 132 | +* groups: (coreutils)groups. Print group names a user is in |
fbb5b105 JB |
133 | +* head: (coreutils)head. Output the first part of files |
134 | +* hostid: (coreutils)hostid. Print numeric host identifier | |
135 | +* id: (coreutils)id. Print real/effective uid/gid | |
136 | +* install: (coreutils)install. Copy and change attributes | |
137 | +* join: (coreutils)join. Join lines on a common field | |
138 | +* link: (coreutils)link. Make hard links between files | |
139 | +* ln: (coreutils)ln. Make links between files | |
140 | +* logname: (coreutils)logname. Print current login name | |
141 | +* ls: (coreutils)ls. List directory contents | |
142 | +* md5sum: (coreutils)md5sum. Print or check message-digests | |
143 | +* mkdir: (coreutils)mkdir. Create directories | |
144 | +* mkfifo: (coreutils)mkfifo. Create FIFOs (named pipes) | |
145 | +* mknod: (coreutils)mknod. Create special files | |
146 | +* mv: (coreutils)mv. Rename files | |
147 | +* nice: (coreutils)nice. Modify scheduling priority | |
148 | +* nl: (coreutils)nl. Number lines and write files | |
149 | +* nohup: (coreutils)nohup. Immunize to hangups | |
a839fc2f | 150 | +* od: (coreutils)od. Dump files in octal, etc. |
fbb5b105 JB |
151 | +* paste: (coreutils)paste. Merge lines of files |
152 | +* pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk. Check file name portability | |
153 | +* pr: (coreutils)pr. Paginate or columnate files | |
154 | +* printenv: (coreutils)printenv. Print environment variables | |
155 | +* printf: (coreutils)printf. Format and print data | |
156 | +* ptx: (coreutils)ptx. Produce permuted indexes | |
157 | +* pwd: (coreutils)pwd. Print working directory | |
158 | +* readlink: (coreutils)readlink. Print referent of a symlink | |
159 | +* rm: (coreutils)rm. Remove files | |
160 | +* rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir. Remove empty directories | |
a839fc2f | 161 | +* seq: (coreutils)seq. Print numeric sequences |
fbb5b105 JB |
162 | +* shred: (coreutils)shred. Remove files more securely |
163 | +* sleep: (coreutils)sleep. Delay for a specified time | |
164 | +* sort: (coreutils)sort. Sort text files | |
165 | +* split: (coreutils)split. Split into fixed-size pieces | |
166 | +* stat: (coreutils)stat. Report file(system) status | |
167 | +* stty: (coreutils)stty. Print/change terminal settings | |
168 | +* su: (coreutils)su. Modify user and group id | |
169 | +* sum: (coreutils)sum. Print traditional checksum | |
170 | +* sync: (coreutils)sync. Synchronize memory and disk | |
171 | +* tac: (coreutils)tac. Reverse files | |
172 | +* tail: (coreutils)tail. Output the last part of files | |
173 | +* tee: (coreutils)tee. Redirect to multiple files | |
174 | +* test: (coreutils)test. File/string tests | |
175 | +* touch: (coreutils)touch. Change file timestamps | |
176 | +* tr: (coreutils)tr. Translate characters | |
177 | +* true: (coreutils)true. Do nothing, successfully | |
178 | +* tsort: (coreutils)tsort. Topological sort | |
179 | +* tty: (coreutils)tty. Print terminal name | |
180 | +* uname: (coreutils)uname. Print system information | |
181 | +* unexpand: (coreutils)unexpand. Convert spaces to tabs | |
182 | +* uniq: (coreutils)uniq. Uniquify files | |
183 | +* unlink: (coreutils)unlink. Removal via unlink(2) | |
184 | +* users: (coreutils)users. Print current user names | |
185 | +* vdir: (coreutils)vdir. List directories verbosely | |
876a8767 | 186 | +* wc: (coreutils)wc. Line, word, and byte counts |
fbb5b105 JB |
187 | +* who: (coreutils)who. Print who is logged in |
188 | +* whoami: (coreutils)whoami. Print effective user id | |
189 | +* yes: (coreutils)yes. Print a string indefinitely | |
190 | @end direntry | |
191 | ||
192 | @copying | |
876a8767 | 193 | @@ -179,10 +170,9 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
194 | * Redirection:: tee |
195 | * File name manipulation:: dirname basename pathchk | |
196 | * Working context:: pwd stty printenv tty | |
197 | -* User information:: id logname whoami groups users who | |
198 | -* System context:: date uname hostname | |
199 | +* User information:: id logname whoami users who | |
200 | +* System context:: date uname | |
201 | * Modified command invocation:: chroot env nice nohup su | |
202 | -* Process control:: kill | |
203 | * Delaying:: sleep | |
204 | * Numeric operations:: factor seq | |
205 | * File permissions:: Access modes. | |
876a8767 | 206 | @@ -207,38 +197,38 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
207 | |
208 | Output of entire files | |
209 | ||
210 | -* cat invocation:: Concatenate and write files. | |
211 | -* tac invocation:: Concatenate and write files in reverse. | |
212 | -* nl invocation:: Number lines and write files. | |
213 | -* od invocation:: Write files in octal or other formats. | |
214 | +* cat:: Concatenate and write files. | |
215 | +* tac:: Concatenate and write files in reverse. | |
216 | +* nl:: Number lines and write files. | |
217 | +* od:: Write files in octal or other formats. | |
218 | ||
219 | Formatting file contents | |
220 | ||
221 | -* fmt invocation:: Reformat paragraph text. | |
222 | -* pr invocation:: Paginate or columnate files for printing. | |
223 | -* fold invocation:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width. | |
224 | +* fmt:: Reformat paragraph text. | |
225 | +* pr:: Paginate or columnate files for printing. | |
226 | +* fold:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width. | |
227 | ||
228 | Output of parts of files | |
229 | ||
230 | -* head invocation:: Output the first part of files. | |
231 | -* tail invocation:: Output the last part of files. | |
232 | -* split invocation:: Split a file into fixed-size pieces. | |
233 | -* csplit invocation:: Split a file into context-determined pieces. | |
234 | +* head:: Output the first part of files. | |
235 | +* tail:: Output the last part of files. | |
236 | +* split:: Split a file into fixed-size pieces. | |
237 | +* csplit:: Split a file into context-determined pieces. | |
238 | ||
239 | Summarizing files | |
240 | ||
876a8767 | 241 | -* wc invocation:: Print newline, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f JB |
242 | -* sum invocation:: Print checksum and block counts. |
243 | -* cksum invocation:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts. | |
244 | -* md5sum invocation:: Print or check message-digests. | |
876a8767 | 245 | +* wc:: Print newline, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f JB |
246 | +* sum:: Print checksum and block counts. |
247 | +* cksum:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts. | |
248 | +* md5sum:: Print or check message-digests. | |
249 | ||
250 | Operating on sorted files | |
251 | ||
252 | -* sort invocation:: Sort text files. | |
253 | -* uniq invocation:: Uniquify files. | |
254 | -* comm invocation:: Compare two sorted files line by line. | |
255 | -* ptx invocation:: Produce a permuted index of file contents. | |
256 | -* tsort invocation:: Topological sort. | |
257 | +* sort:: Sort text files. | |
258 | +* uniq:: Uniquify files. | |
259 | +* comm:: Compare two sorted files line by line. | |
260 | +* ptx:: Produce a permuted index of file contents. | |
261 | +* tsort:: Topological sort. | |
262 | ||
263 | @command{ptx}: Produce permuted indexes | |
264 | ||
876a8767 | 265 | @@ -250,15 +240,15 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
266 | |
267 | Operating on fields within a line | |
268 | ||
269 | -* cut invocation:: Print selected parts of lines. | |
270 | -* paste invocation:: Merge lines of files. | |
271 | -* join invocation:: Join lines on a common field. | |
272 | +* cut:: Print selected parts of lines. | |
273 | +* paste:: Merge lines of files. | |
274 | +* join:: Join lines on a common field. | |
275 | ||
276 | Operating on characters | |
277 | ||
278 | -* tr invocation:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters. | |
279 | -* expand invocation:: Convert tabs to spaces. | |
280 | -* unexpand invocation:: Convert spaces to tabs. | |
281 | +* tr:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters. | |
282 | +* expand:: Convert tabs to spaces. | |
283 | +* unexpand:: Convert spaces to tabs. | |
284 | ||
285 | @command{tr}: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters | |
286 | ||
876a8767 | 287 | @@ -269,10 +259,10 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
288 | |
289 | Directory listing | |
290 | ||
291 | -* ls invocation:: List directory contents | |
292 | -* dir invocation:: Briefly list directory contents | |
293 | -* vdir invocation:: Verbosely list directory contents | |
294 | -* dircolors invocation:: Color setup for @command{ls} | |
295 | +* ls:: List directory contents | |
296 | +* dir:: Briefly list directory contents | |
297 | +* vdir:: Verbosely list directory contents | |
298 | +* dircolors:: Color setup for @command{ls} | |
299 | ||
300 | @command{ls}: List directory contents | |
301 | ||
876a8767 | 302 | @@ -285,50 +275,50 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
303 | |
304 | Basic operations | |
305 | ||
306 | -* cp invocation:: Copy files and directories | |
307 | -* dd invocation:: Convert and copy a file | |
308 | -* install invocation:: Copy files and set attributes | |
309 | -* mv invocation:: Move (rename) files | |
310 | -* rm invocation:: Remove files or directories | |
311 | -* shred invocation:: Remove files more securely | |
312 | +* cp:: Copy files and directories | |
313 | +* dd:: Convert and copy a file | |
314 | +* install:: Copy files and set attributes | |
315 | +* mv:: Move (rename) files | |
316 | +* rm:: Remove files or directories | |
317 | +* shred:: Remove files more securely | |
318 | ||
319 | Special file types | |
320 | ||
321 | -* link invocation:: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
322 | -* ln invocation:: Make links between files | |
323 | -* mkdir invocation:: Make directories | |
324 | -* mkfifo invocation:: Make FIFOs (named pipes) | |
325 | -* mknod invocation:: Make block or character special files | |
fbb5b105 | 326 | -* readlink invocation:: Print the referent of a symbolic link |
a839fc2f JB |
327 | -* rmdir invocation:: Remove empty directories |
328 | -* unlink invocation:: Remove files via unlink syscall | |
329 | +* link:: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
330 | +* ln:: Make links between files | |
331 | +* mkdir:: Make directories | |
332 | +* mkfifo:: Make FIFOs (named pipes) | |
333 | +* mknod:: Make block or character special files | |
fbb5b105 | 334 | +* readlink:: Print the referent of a symbolic link |
a839fc2f JB |
335 | +* rmdir:: Remove empty directories |
336 | +* unlink:: Remove files via unlink syscall | |
337 | ||
338 | Changing file attributes | |
339 | ||
340 | -* chown invocation:: Change file owner and group | |
341 | -* chgrp invocation:: Change group ownership | |
342 | -* chmod invocation:: Change access permissions | |
343 | -* touch invocation:: Change file timestamps | |
344 | +* chown:: Change file owner and group | |
345 | +* chgrp:: Change group ownership | |
346 | +* chmod:: Change access permissions | |
347 | +* touch:: Change file timestamps | |
348 | ||
349 | Disk usage | |
350 | ||
351 | -* df invocation:: Report filesystem disk space usage | |
352 | -* du invocation:: Estimate file space usage | |
353 | -* stat invocation:: Report file or filesystem status | |
354 | -* sync invocation:: Synchronize data on disk with memory | |
355 | +* df:: Report filesystem disk space usage | |
356 | +* du:: Estimate file space usage | |
357 | +* stat:: Report file or filesystem status | |
358 | +* sync:: Synchronize data on disk with memory | |
359 | ||
360 | Printing text | |
361 | ||
362 | -* echo invocation:: Print a line of text | |
363 | -* printf invocation:: Format and print data | |
364 | -* yes invocation:: Print a string until interrupted | |
365 | +* echo:: Print a line of text | |
366 | +* printf:: Format and print data | |
367 | +* yes:: Print a string until interrupted | |
368 | ||
369 | Conditions | |
370 | ||
371 | -* false invocation:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully | |
372 | -* true invocation:: Do nothing, successfully | |
373 | -* test invocation:: Check file types and compare values | |
374 | -* expr invocation:: Evaluate expressions | |
fbb5b105 JB |
375 | +* false:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully |
376 | +* true:: Do nothing, successfully | |
377 | +* test:: Check file types and compare values | |
378 | +* expr:: Evaluate expressions | |
a839fc2f JB |
379 | |
380 | @command{test}: Check file types and compare values | |
381 | ||
876a8767 | 382 | @@ -347,20 +337,20 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
383 | |
384 | Redirection | |
385 | ||
386 | -* tee invocation:: Redirect output to multiple files | |
387 | +* tee:: Redirect output to multiple files | |
388 | ||
389 | File name manipulation | |
390 | ||
391 | -* basename invocation:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name | |
392 | -* dirname invocation:: Strip non-directory suffix from a file name | |
393 | -* pathchk invocation:: Check file name portability | |
394 | +* basename:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name | |
395 | +* dirname:: Strip non-directory suffix from a file name | |
396 | +* pathchk:: Check file name portability | |
397 | ||
398 | Working context | |
399 | ||
400 | -* pwd invocation:: Print working directory | |
401 | -* stty invocation:: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
402 | -* printenv invocation:: Print all or some environment variables | |
403 | -* tty invocation:: Print file name of terminal on standard input | |
404 | +* pwd:: Print working directory | |
405 | +* stty:: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
406 | +* printenv:: Print all or some environment variables | |
407 | +* tty:: Print file name of terminal on standard input | |
408 | ||
409 | @command{stty}: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
410 | ||
876a8767 | 411 | @@ -374,19 +364,18 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
412 | |
413 | User information | |
414 | ||
415 | -* id invocation:: Print real and effective uid and gid | |
416 | -* logname invocation:: Print current login name | |
417 | -* whoami invocation:: Print effective user id | |
418 | -* groups invocation:: Print group names a user is in | |
419 | -* users invocation:: Print login names of users currently logged in | |
420 | -* who invocation:: Print who is currently logged in | |
421 | +* id:: Print real and effective uid and gid | |
422 | +* logname:: Print current login name | |
423 | +* whoami:: Print effective user id | |
fc53c102 | 424 | +* groups:: Print group names a user is in |
a839fc2f JB |
425 | +* users:: Print login names of users currently logged in |
426 | +* who:: Print who is currently logged in | |
427 | ||
428 | System context | |
429 | ||
430 | -* date invocation:: Print or set system date and time | |
431 | -* uname invocation:: Print system information | |
432 | -* hostname invocation:: Print or set system name | |
433 | -* hostid invocation:: Print numeric host identifier. | |
434 | +* date:: Print or set system date and time | |
435 | +* uname:: Print system information | |
436 | +* hostid:: Print numeric host identifier | |
437 | ||
438 | @command{date}: Print or set system date and time | |
439 | ||
876a8767 | 440 | @@ -400,24 +389,20 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
441 | |
442 | Modified command invocation | |
443 | ||
444 | -* chroot invocation:: Run a command with a different root directory | |
445 | -* env invocation:: Run a command in a modified environment | |
446 | -* nice invocation:: Run a command with modified scheduling priority | |
447 | -* nohup invocation:: Run a command immune to hangups | |
448 | -* su invocation:: Run a command with substitute user and group id | |
449 | - | |
450 | -Process control | |
451 | - | |
452 | -* kill invocation:: Sending a signal to processes. | |
453 | +* chroot:: Run a command with a different root directory | |
454 | +* env:: Run a command in a modified environment | |
455 | +* nice:: Run a command with modified scheduling priority | |
456 | +* nohup:: Run a command immune to hangups | |
457 | +* su:: Run a command with substitute user and group id | |
458 | ||
459 | Delaying | |
460 | ||
461 | -* sleep invocation:: Delay for a specified time | |
462 | +* sleep:: Delay for a specified time | |
463 | ||
464 | Numeric operations | |
465 | ||
466 | -* factor invocation:: Print prime factors | |
467 | -* seq invocation:: Print numeric sequences | |
468 | +* factor:: Print prime factors | |
469 | +* seq:: Print numeric sequences | |
470 | ||
471 | File permissions | |
472 | ||
876a8767 | 473 | @@ -1099,13 +1084,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
474 | in some way. |
475 | ||
476 | @menu | |
477 | -* cat invocation:: Concatenate and write files. | |
478 | -* tac invocation:: Concatenate and write files in reverse. | |
479 | -* nl invocation:: Number lines and write files. | |
480 | -* od invocation:: Write files in octal or other formats. | |
481 | +* cat:: Concatenate and write files. | |
482 | +* tac:: Concatenate and write files in reverse. | |
483 | +* nl:: Number lines and write files. | |
484 | +* od:: Write files in octal or other formats. | |
485 | @end menu | |
486 | ||
487 | -@node cat invocation | |
488 | +@node cat | |
489 | @section @command{cat}: Concatenate and write files | |
490 | ||
491 | @pindex cat | |
876a8767 JB |
492 | @@ -1213,7 +1198,7 @@ |
493 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
494 | |
495 | ||
496 | -@node tac invocation | |
497 | +@node tac | |
498 | @section @command{tac}: Concatenate and write files in reverse | |
499 | ||
500 | @pindex tac | |
876a8767 JB |
501 | @@ -1262,7 +1247,7 @@ |
502 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
503 | |
504 | ||
505 | -@node nl invocation | |
506 | +@node nl | |
507 | @section @command{nl}: Number lines and write files | |
508 | ||
509 | @pindex nl | |
876a8767 JB |
510 | @@ -1425,7 +1410,7 @@ |
511 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
512 | |
513 | ||
514 | -@node od invocation | |
515 | +@node od | |
516 | @section @command{od}: Write files in octal or other formats | |
517 | ||
518 | @pindex od | |
876a8767 | 519 | @@ -1682,13 +1667,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
520 | These commands reformat the contents of files. |
521 | ||
522 | @menu | |
523 | -* fmt invocation:: Reformat paragraph text. | |
524 | -* pr invocation:: Paginate or columnate files for printing. | |
525 | -* fold invocation:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width. | |
526 | +* fmt:: Reformat paragraph text. | |
527 | +* pr:: Paginate or columnate files for printing. | |
528 | +* fold:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width. | |
529 | @end menu | |
530 | ||
531 | ||
532 | -@node fmt invocation | |
533 | +@node fmt | |
534 | @section @command{fmt}: Reformat paragraph text | |
535 | ||
536 | @pindex fmt | |
876a8767 JB |
537 | @@ -1786,7 +1771,7 @@ |
538 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
539 | |
540 | ||
541 | -@node pr invocation | |
542 | +@node pr | |
543 | @section @command{pr}: Paginate or columnate files for printing | |
544 | ||
545 | @pindex pr | |
876a8767 | 546 | @@ -1928,7 +1913,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
547 | @cindex time formats |
548 | @cindex formatting times | |
549 | Format header dates using @var{format}, using the same conventions as | |
550 | -for the the command @samp{date +@var{format}}; @xref{date invocation}. | |
551 | +for the the command @samp{date +@var{format}}; @xref{date}. | |
552 | Except for directives, which start with | |
553 | @samp{%}, characters in @var{format} are printed unchanged. You can use | |
554 | this option to specify an arbitrary string in place of the header date, | |
876a8767 JB |
555 | @@ -2157,7 +2142,7 @@ |
556 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
557 | |
558 | ||
559 | -@node fold invocation | |
560 | +@node fold | |
561 | @section @command{fold}: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width | |
562 | ||
563 | @pindex fold | |
876a8767 | 564 | @@ -2225,13 +2210,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
565 | These commands output pieces of the input. |
566 | ||
567 | @menu | |
568 | -* head invocation:: Output the first part of files. | |
569 | -* tail invocation:: Output the last part of files. | |
570 | -* split invocation:: Split a file into fixed-size pieces. | |
571 | -* csplit invocation:: Split a file into context-determined pieces. | |
572 | +* head:: Output the first part of files. | |
573 | +* tail:: Output the last part of files. | |
574 | +* split:: Split a file into fixed-size pieces. | |
575 | +* csplit:: Split a file into context-determined pieces. | |
576 | @end menu | |
577 | ||
578 | -@node head invocation | |
579 | +@node head | |
580 | @section @command{head}: Output the first part of files | |
581 | ||
582 | @pindex head | |
876a8767 JB |
583 | @@ -2303,7 +2288,7 @@ |
584 | @exitstatus | |
585 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
586 | |
587 | -@node tail invocation | |
588 | +@node tail | |
589 | @section @command{tail}: Output the last part of files | |
590 | ||
591 | @pindex tail | |
876a8767 JB |
592 | @@ -2483,7 +2468,7 @@ |
593 | @exitstatus | |
594 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
595 | |
596 | -@node split invocation | |
597 | +@node split | |
598 | @section @command{split}: Split a file into fixed-size pieces | |
599 | ||
600 | @pindex split | |
876a8767 JB |
601 | @@ -2565,7 +2550,7 @@ |
602 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
603 | |
604 | ||
605 | -@node csplit invocation | |
606 | +@node csplit | |
607 | @section @command{csplit}: Split a file into context-determined pieces | |
608 | ||
609 | @pindex csplit | |
876a8767 | 610 | @@ -2705,14 +2690,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
611 | contents of files. |
612 | ||
613 | @menu | |
876a8767 | 614 | -* wc invocation:: Print newline, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f JB |
615 | -* sum invocation:: Print checksum and block counts. |
616 | -* cksum invocation:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts. | |
617 | -* md5sum invocation:: Print or check message-digests. | |
876a8767 | 618 | +* wc:: Print newline, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f JB |
619 | +* sum:: Print checksum and block counts. |
620 | +* cksum:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts. | |
621 | +* md5sum:: Print or check message-digests. | |
622 | @end menu | |
623 | ||
624 | ||
625 | -@node wc invocation | |
626 | +@node wc | |
876a8767 | 627 | @section @command{wc}: Print newline, word, and byte counts |
a839fc2f JB |
628 | |
629 | @pindex wc | |
876a8767 JB |
630 | @@ -2796,7 +2781,7 @@ |
631 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
632 | |
633 | ||
634 | -@node sum invocation | |
635 | +@node sum | |
636 | @section @command{sum}: Print checksum and block counts | |
637 | ||
638 | @pindex sum | |
876a8767 JB |
639 | @@ -2847,7 +2832,7 @@ |
640 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
641 | |
642 | ||
643 | -@node cksum invocation | |
644 | +@node cksum | |
645 | @section @command{cksum}: Print CRC checksum and byte counts | |
646 | ||
647 | @pindex cksum | |
876a8767 JB |
648 | @@ -2881,7 +2866,7 @@ |
649 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
650 | |
651 | ||
652 | -@node md5sum invocation | |
653 | +@node md5sum | |
654 | @section @command{md5sum}: Print or check message-digests | |
655 | ||
656 | @pindex md5sum | |
876a8767 | 657 | @@ -2988,16 +2973,16 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
658 | These commands work with (or produce) sorted files. |
659 | ||
660 | @menu | |
661 | -* sort invocation:: Sort text files. | |
662 | -* uniq invocation:: Uniquify files. | |
663 | -* comm invocation:: Compare two sorted files line by line. | |
664 | -* ptx invocation:: Produce a permuted index of file contents. | |
665 | -* tsort invocation:: Topological sort. | |
666 | +* sort:: Sort text files. | |
667 | +* uniq:: Uniquify files. | |
668 | +* comm:: Compare two sorted files line by line. | |
669 | +* ptx:: Produce a permuted index of file contents. | |
670 | +* tsort:: Topological sort. | |
671 | * tsort background:: Where tsort came from. | |
672 | @end menu | |
673 | ||
674 | ||
675 | -@node sort invocation | |
676 | +@node sort | |
677 | @section @command{sort}: Sort text files | |
678 | ||
679 | @pindex sort | |
876a8767 | 680 | @@ -3481,7 +3466,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
681 | @end itemize |
682 | ||
683 | ||
684 | -@node uniq invocation | |
685 | +@node uniq | |
686 | @section @command{uniq}: Uniquify files | |
687 | ||
688 | @pindex uniq | |
876a8767 JB |
689 | @@ -3618,7 +3603,7 @@ |
690 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
691 | |
692 | ||
693 | -@node comm invocation | |
694 | +@node comm | |
695 | @section @command{comm}: Compare two sorted files line by line | |
696 | ||
697 | @pindex comm | |
876a8767 | 698 | @@ -3661,7 +3646,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
699 | If there is an error it exits with nonzero status. |
700 | ||
701 | ||
702 | -@node tsort invocation | |
703 | +@node tsort | |
704 | @section @command{tsort}: Topological sort | |
705 | ||
706 | @pindex tsort | |
876a8767 JB |
707 | @@ -3815,7 +3800,7 @@ |
708 | @exitstatus | |
709 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
710 | |
711 | -@node ptx invocation | |
712 | +@node ptx | |
713 | @section @command{ptx}: Produce permuted indexes | |
714 | ||
715 | @pindex ptx | |
876a8767 | 716 | @@ -4284,13 +4269,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
717 | @chapter Operating on fields within a line |
718 | ||
719 | @menu | |
720 | -* cut invocation:: Print selected parts of lines. | |
721 | -* paste invocation:: Merge lines of files. | |
722 | -* join invocation:: Join lines on a common field. | |
723 | +* cut:: Print selected parts of lines. | |
724 | +* paste:: Merge lines of files. | |
725 | +* join:: Join lines on a common field. | |
726 | @end menu | |
727 | ||
728 | ||
729 | -@node cut invocation | |
730 | +@node cut | |
731 | @section @command{cut}: Print selected parts of lines | |
732 | ||
733 | @pindex cut | |
876a8767 JB |
734 | @@ -4380,7 +4365,7 @@ |
735 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
736 | |
737 | ||
738 | -@node paste invocation | |
739 | +@node paste | |
740 | @section @command{paste}: Merge lines of files | |
741 | ||
742 | @pindex paste | |
876a8767 JB |
743 | @@ -4450,7 +4435,7 @@ |
744 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
745 | |
746 | ||
747 | -@node join invocation | |
748 | +@node join | |
749 | @section @command{join}: Join lines on a common field | |
750 | ||
751 | @pindex join | |
876a8767 | 752 | @@ -4580,13 +4565,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
753 | This commands operate on individual characters. |
754 | ||
755 | @menu | |
756 | -* tr invocation:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters. | |
757 | -* expand invocation:: Convert tabs to spaces. | |
758 | -* unexpand invocation:: Convert spaces to tabs. | |
759 | +* tr:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters. | |
760 | +* expand:: Convert tabs to spaces. | |
761 | +* unexpand:: Convert spaces to tabs. | |
762 | @end menu | |
763 | ||
764 | ||
765 | -@node tr invocation | |
766 | +@node tr | |
767 | @section @command{tr}: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters | |
768 | ||
769 | @pindex tr | |
876a8767 | 770 | @@ -4972,7 +4957,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
771 | Unix versions, which provide no way to preserve zero bytes. |
772 | ||
773 | ||
774 | -@node expand invocation | |
775 | +@node expand | |
776 | @section @command{expand}: Convert tabs to spaces | |
777 | ||
778 | @pindex expand | |
876a8767 JB |
779 | @@ -5027,7 +5012,7 @@ |
780 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
781 | |
782 | ||
783 | -@node unexpand invocation | |
784 | +@node unexpand | |
785 | @section @command{unexpand}: Convert spaces to tabs | |
786 | ||
787 | @pindex unexpand | |
876a8767 | 788 | @@ -5088,14 +5073,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
789 | and @command{vdir}, which list information about files. |
790 | ||
791 | @menu | |
792 | -* ls invocation:: List directory contents. | |
793 | -* dir invocation:: Briefly ls. | |
794 | -* vdir invocation:: Verbosely ls. | |
795 | -* dircolors invocation:: Color setup for ls, etc. | |
796 | +* ls:: List directory contents. | |
797 | +* dir:: Briefly ls. | |
798 | +* vdir:: Verbosely ls. | |
799 | +* dircolors:: Color setup for ls, etc. | |
800 | @end menu | |
801 | ||
802 | ||
803 | -@node ls invocation | |
804 | +@node ls | |
805 | @section @command{ls}: List directory contents | |
806 | ||
807 | @pindex ls | |
876a8767 | 808 | @@ -5784,7 +5769,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
809 | @item +@var{format} |
810 | @vindex LC_TIME | |
811 | List timestamps using @var{format}, where @var{format} is interpreted | |
812 | -like the format argument of @command{date} (@pxref{date invocation}). | |
813 | +like the format argument of @command{date} (@pxref{date}). | |
fbb5b105 | 814 | For example, @option{--time-style="+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"} causes |
a839fc2f JB |
815 | @command{ls} to list timestamps like @samp{2002-03-30 23:45:56}. As |
816 | with @command{date}, @var{format}'s interpretation is affected by the | |
876a8767 | 817 | @@ -5968,7 +5953,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
818 | @end table |
819 | ||
820 | ||
821 | -@node dir invocation | |
822 | +@node dir | |
823 | @section @command{dir}: Briefly list directory contents | |
824 | ||
825 | @pindex dir | |
876a8767 | 826 | @@ -5978,10 +5963,10 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
827 | -b}; that is, by default files are listed in columns, sorted vertically, |
828 | and special characters are represented by backslash escape sequences. | |
829 | ||
830 | -@xref{ls invocation, @command{ls}}. | |
831 | +@xref{ls, @command{ls}}. | |
832 | ||
833 | ||
834 | -@node vdir invocation | |
835 | +@node vdir | |
836 | @section @command{vdir}: Verbosely list directory contents | |
837 | ||
838 | @pindex vdir | |
876a8767 | 839 | @@ -5991,7 +5976,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
840 | -b}; that is, by default files are listed in long format and special |
841 | characters are represented by backslash escape sequences. | |
842 | ||
843 | -@node dircolors invocation | |
844 | +@node dircolors | |
fbb5b105 | 845 | @section @command{dircolors}: Color setup for @command{ls} |
a839fc2f JB |
846 | |
847 | @pindex dircolors | |
876a8767 | 848 | @@ -6069,16 +6054,16 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
849 | copying, moving (renaming), and deleting (removing). |
850 | ||
851 | @menu | |
852 | -* cp invocation:: Copy files. | |
853 | -* dd invocation:: Convert and copy a file. | |
854 | -* install invocation:: Copy files and set attributes. | |
855 | -* mv invocation:: Move (rename) files. | |
856 | -* rm invocation:: Remove files or directories. | |
857 | -* shred invocation:: Remove files more securely. | |
858 | +* cp:: Copy files. | |
859 | +* dd:: Convert and copy a file. | |
860 | +* install:: Copy files and set attributes. | |
861 | +* mv:: Move (rename) files. | |
862 | +* rm:: Remove files or directories. | |
863 | +* shred:: Remove files more securely. | |
864 | @end menu | |
865 | ||
866 | ||
867 | -@node cp invocation | |
868 | +@node cp | |
869 | @section @command{cp}: Copy files and directories | |
870 | ||
871 | @pindex cp | |
876a8767 JB |
872 | @@ -6407,7 +6392,7 @@ |
873 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
874 | |
875 | ||
876 | -@node dd invocation | |
877 | +@node dd | |
878 | @section @command{dd}: Convert and copy a file | |
879 | ||
880 | @pindex dd | |
876a8767 JB |
881 | @@ -6580,7 +6565,7 @@ |
882 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
883 | |
884 | ||
885 | -@node install invocation | |
886 | +@node install | |
887 | @section @command{install}: Copy files and set attributes | |
888 | ||
889 | @pindex install | |
876a8767 JB |
890 | @@ -6699,7 +6684,7 @@ |
891 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
892 | |
893 | ||
894 | -@node mv invocation | |
895 | +@node mv | |
896 | @section @command{mv}: Move (rename) files | |
897 | ||
898 | @pindex mv | |
876a8767 JB |
899 | @@ -6801,7 +6786,7 @@ |
900 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
901 | |
902 | ||
903 | -@node rm invocation | |
904 | +@node rm | |
905 | @section @command{rm}: Remove files or directories | |
906 | ||
907 | @pindex rm | |
876a8767 JB |
908 | @@ -6916,7 +6901,7 @@ |
909 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
910 | |
911 | ||
912 | -@node shred invocation | |
913 | +@node shred | |
914 | @section @command{shred}: Remove files more securely | |
915 | ||
916 | @pindex shred | |
876a8767 | 917 | @@ -6926,7 +6911,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
918 | @command{shred} overwrites devices or files, to help prevent even |
919 | very expensive hardware from recovering the data. | |
920 | ||
921 | -Ordinarily when you remove a file (@pxref{rm invocation}), the data is | |
922 | +Ordinarily when you remove a file (@pxref{rm}), the data is | |
923 | not actually destroyed. Only the index listing where the file is | |
924 | stored is destroyed, and the storage is made available for reuse. | |
925 | There are undelete utilities that will attempt to reconstruct the index | |
876a8767 | 926 | @@ -7149,18 +7134,18 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
927 | (FIFOs), symbolic links, sockets, and so-called @dfn{special files}. |
928 | ||
929 | @menu | |
930 | -* link invocation:: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
931 | -* ln invocation:: Make links between files. | |
932 | -* mkdir invocation:: Make directories. | |
933 | -* mkfifo invocation:: Make FIFOs (named pipes). | |
934 | -* mknod invocation:: Make block or character special files. | |
fbb5b105 | 935 | -* readlink invocation:: Print the referent of a symbolic link. |
a839fc2f JB |
936 | -* rmdir invocation:: Remove empty directories. |
937 | -* unlink invocation:: Remove files via the unlink syscall | |
938 | +* link:: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
939 | +* ln:: Make links between files. | |
940 | +* mkdir:: Make directories. | |
941 | +* mkfifo:: Make FIFOs (named pipes). | |
942 | +* mknod:: Make block or character special files. | |
fbb5b105 | 943 | +* readlink:: Print the referent of a symbolic link. |
a839fc2f | 944 | +* rmdir:: Remove empty directories. |
fbb5b105 | 945 | +* unlink:: Remove files via the unlink syscall. |
a839fc2f JB |
946 | @end menu |
947 | ||
948 | ||
949 | -@node link invocation | |
950 | +@node link | |
951 | @section @command{link}: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
952 | ||
953 | @pindex link | |
876a8767 JB |
954 | @@ -7186,7 +7171,7 @@ |
955 | @exitstatus | |
956 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
957 | |
958 | -@node ln invocation | |
959 | +@node ln | |
960 | @section @command{ln}: Make links between files | |
961 | ||
962 | @pindex ln | |
876a8767 JB |
963 | @@ -7327,7 +7312,7 @@ |
964 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
965 | |
966 | ||
967 | -@node mkdir invocation | |
968 | +@node mkdir | |
969 | @section @command{mkdir}: Make directories | |
970 | ||
971 | @pindex mkdir | |
876a8767 JB |
972 | @@ -7383,7 +7368,7 @@ |
973 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
974 | |
975 | ||
976 | -@node mkfifo invocation | |
977 | +@node mkfifo | |
978 | @section @command{mkfifo}: Make FIFOs (named pipes) | |
979 | ||
980 | @pindex mkfifo | |
876a8767 JB |
981 | @@ -7421,7 +7406,7 @@ |
982 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
983 | |
984 | ||
985 | -@node mknod invocation | |
986 | +@node mknod | |
987 | @section @command{mknod}: Make block or character special files | |
988 | ||
989 | @pindex mknod | |
876a8767 JB |
990 | @@ -7492,7 +7477,7 @@ |
991 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
992 | |
993 | ||
fbb5b105 JB |
994 | -@node readlink invocation |
995 | +@node readlink | |
996 | @section @command{readlink}: Print the referent of a symbolic link | |
997 | ||
998 | @pindex readlink | |
876a8767 JB |
999 | @@ -7562,7 +7547,7 @@ |
1000 | @exitstatus | |
fbb5b105 JB |
1001 | |
1002 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1003 | -@node rmdir invocation |
1004 | +@node rmdir | |
1005 | @section @command{rmdir}: Remove empty directories | |
1006 | ||
1007 | @pindex rmdir | |
876a8767 | 1008 | @@ -7610,12 +7595,12 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1009 | |
1010 | @end table | |
1011 | ||
1012 | -@xref{rm invocation}, for how to remove non-empty directories (recursively). | |
1013 | +@xref{rm}, for how to remove non-empty directories (recursively). | |
1014 | ||
876a8767 JB |
1015 | @exitstatus |
1016 | ||
1017 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1018 | -@node unlink invocation |
1019 | +@node unlink | |
1020 | @section @command{unlink}: Remove files via the unlink syscall | |
1021 | ||
1022 | @pindex unlink | |
876a8767 | 1023 | @@ -7660,14 +7645,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1024 | These commands change file attributes. |
1025 | ||
1026 | @menu | |
1027 | -* chgrp invocation:: Change file groups. | |
1028 | -* chmod invocation:: Change access permissions. | |
1029 | -* chown invocation:: Change file owners and groups. | |
1030 | -* touch invocation:: Change file timestamps. | |
1031 | +* chgrp:: Change file groups. | |
1032 | +* chmod:: Change access permissions. | |
1033 | +* chown:: Change file owners and groups. | |
1034 | +* touch:: Change file timestamps. | |
1035 | @end menu | |
1036 | ||
1037 | ||
1038 | -@node chown invocation | |
1039 | +@node chown | |
1040 | @section @command{chown}: Change file owner and group | |
1041 | ||
1042 | @pindex chown | |
876a8767 JB |
1043 | @@ -7864,7 +7849,7 @@ |
1044 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1045 | |
1046 | ||
1047 | -@node chgrp invocation | |
1048 | +@node chgrp | |
1049 | @section @command{chgrp}: Change group ownership | |
1050 | ||
1051 | @pindex chgrp | |
876a8767 JB |
1052 | @@ -7972,7 +7957,7 @@ |
1053 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1054 | |
1055 | ||
1056 | -@node chmod invocation | |
1057 | +@node chmod | |
1058 | @section @command{chmod}: Change access permissions | |
1059 | ||
1060 | @pindex chmod | |
876a8767 JB |
1061 | @@ -8057,7 +8042,7 @@ |
1062 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1063 | |
1064 | ||
1065 | -@node touch invocation | |
1066 | +@node touch | |
1067 | @section @command{touch}: Change file timestamps | |
1068 | ||
1069 | @pindex touch | |
876a8767 | 1070 | @@ -8184,14 +8169,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1071 | or some such command.) |
1072 | ||
1073 | @menu | |
1074 | -* df invocation:: Report filesystem disk space usage. | |
1075 | -* du invocation:: Estimate file space usage. | |
1076 | -* stat invocation:: Report file or filesystem status. | |
1077 | -* sync invocation:: Synchronize memory and disk. | |
1078 | +* df:: Report filesystem disk space usage. | |
1079 | +* du:: Estimate file space usage. | |
1080 | +* stat:: Report file or filesystem status. | |
1081 | +* sync:: Synchronize memory and disk. | |
1082 | @end menu | |
1083 | ||
1084 | ||
1085 | -@node df invocation | |
1086 | +@node df | |
1087 | @section @command{df}: Report filesystem disk space usage | |
1088 | ||
1089 | @pindex df | |
876a8767 JB |
1090 | @@ -8387,7 +8372,7 @@ |
1091 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1092 | |
1093 | ||
1094 | -@node du invocation | |
1095 | +@node du | |
1096 | @section @command{du}: Estimate file space usage | |
1097 | ||
1098 | @pindex du | |
876a8767 JB |
1099 | @@ -8578,7 +8563,7 @@ |
1100 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1101 | |
1102 | ||
1103 | -@node stat invocation | |
1104 | +@node stat | |
1105 | @section @command{stat}: Report file or filesystem status | |
1106 | ||
1107 | @pindex stat | |
876a8767 JB |
1108 | @@ -8679,7 +8664,7 @@ |
1109 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1110 | |
1111 | ||
1112 | -@node sync invocation | |
1113 | +@node sync | |
1114 | @section @command{sync}: Synchronize data on disk with memory | |
1115 | ||
1116 | @pindex sync | |
876a8767 | 1117 | @@ -8714,13 +8699,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1118 | This section describes commands that display text strings. |
1119 | ||
1120 | @menu | |
1121 | -* echo invocation:: Print a line of text. | |
1122 | -* printf invocation:: Format and print data. | |
1123 | -* yes invocation:: Print a string until interrupted. | |
1124 | +* echo:: Print a line of text. | |
1125 | +* printf:: Format and print data. | |
1126 | +* yes:: Print a string until interrupted. | |
1127 | @end menu | |
1128 | ||
1129 | ||
1130 | -@node echo invocation | |
1131 | +@node echo | |
1132 | @section @command{echo}: Print a line of text | |
1133 | ||
1134 | @pindex echo | |
876a8767 JB |
1135 | @@ -8778,7 +8763,7 @@ |
1136 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1137 | |
1138 | ||
1139 | -@node printf invocation | |
1140 | +@node printf | |
1141 | @section @command{printf}: Format and print data | |
1142 | ||
1143 | @pindex printf | |
876a8767 JB |
1144 | @@ -8875,7 +8860,7 @@ |
1145 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1146 | |
1147 | ||
1148 | -@node yes invocation | |
1149 | +@node yes | |
1150 | @section @command{yes}: Print a string until interrupted | |
1151 | ||
1152 | @pindex yes | |
876a8767 | 1153 | @@ -8904,14 +8889,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1154 | pipeline. |
1155 | ||
1156 | @menu | |
1157 | -* false invocation:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully. | |
1158 | -* true invocation:: Do nothing, successfully. | |
1159 | -* test invocation:: Check file types and compare values. | |
1160 | -* expr invocation:: Evaluate expressions. | |
1161 | +* false:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully. | |
1162 | +* true:: Do nothing, successfully. | |
1163 | +* test:: Check file types and compare values. | |
1164 | +* expr:: Evaluate expressions. | |
1165 | @end menu | |
1166 | ||
1167 | ||
1168 | -@node false invocation | |
1169 | +@node false | |
1170 | @section @command{false}: Do nothing, unsuccessfully | |
1171 | ||
1172 | @pindex false | |
876a8767 JB |
1173 | @@ -8937,7 +8922,7 @@ |
1174 | @option{--help} or @option{--version}. | |
a839fc2f JB |
1175 | |
1176 | ||
1177 | -@node true invocation | |
1178 | +@node true | |
1179 | @section @command{true}: Do nothing, successfully | |
1180 | ||
1181 | @pindex true | |
876a8767 | 1182 | @@ -8976,7 +8961,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1183 | more secure and faster than a shell script implementation, and may safely |
1184 | be used as a dummy shell for the purpose of disabling accounts. | |
1185 | ||
1186 | -@node test invocation | |
1187 | +@node test | |
1188 | @section @command{test}: Check file types and compare values | |
1189 | ||
1190 | @pindex test | |
876a8767 | 1191 | @@ -9287,7 +9272,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1192 | @end table |
1193 | ||
1194 | ||
1195 | -@node expr invocation | |
1196 | +@node expr | |
1197 | @section @command{expr}: Evaluate expressions | |
1198 | ||
1199 | @pindex expr | |
876a8767 | 1200 | @@ -9553,11 +9538,11 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1201 | it's described here. |
1202 | ||
1203 | @menu | |
1204 | -* tee invocation:: Redirect output to multiple files. | |
1205 | +* tee:: Redirect output to multiple files. | |
1206 | @end menu | |
1207 | ||
1208 | ||
1209 | -@node tee invocation | |
1210 | +@node tee | |
1211 | @section @command{tee}: Redirect output to multiple files | |
1212 | ||
1213 | @pindex tee | |
876a8767 | 1214 | @@ -9608,13 +9593,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1215 | This section describes commands that manipulate file names. |
1216 | ||
1217 | @menu | |
1218 | -* basename invocation:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name. | |
1219 | -* dirname invocation:: Strip non-directory suffix from a file name. | |
1220 | -* pathchk invocation:: Check file name portability. | |
1221 | +* basename:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name. | |
1222 | +* dirname:: Strip non-directory suffix from a file name. | |
1223 | +* pathchk:: Check file name portability. | |
1224 | @end menu | |
1225 | ||
1226 | ||
1227 | -@node basename invocation | |
1228 | +@node basename | |
fbb5b105 | 1229 | @section @command{basename}: Strip directory and suffix from a file name |
a839fc2f JB |
1230 | |
1231 | @pindex basename | |
876a8767 JB |
1232 | @@ -9641,7 +9626,7 @@ |
1233 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1234 | |
1235 | ||
1236 | -@node dirname invocation | |
1237 | +@node dirname | |
1238 | @section @command{dirname}: Strip non-directory suffix from a file name | |
1239 | ||
1240 | @pindex dirname | |
876a8767 JB |
1241 | @@ -9665,7 +9650,7 @@ |
1242 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1243 | |
1244 | ||
1245 | -@node pathchk invocation | |
1246 | +@node pathchk | |
1247 | @section @command{pathchk}: Check file name portability | |
1248 | ||
1249 | @pindex pathchk | |
876a8767 | 1250 | @@ -9729,14 +9714,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1251 | so forth. See also the user-related commands in the next section. |
1252 | ||
1253 | @menu | |
1254 | -* pwd invocation:: Print working directory. | |
1255 | -* stty invocation:: Print or change terminal characteristics. | |
1256 | -* printenv invocation:: Print environment variables. | |
1257 | -* tty invocation:: Print file name of terminal on standard input. | |
1258 | +* pwd:: Print working directory. | |
1259 | +* stty:: Print or change terminal characteristics. | |
1260 | +* printenv:: Print environment variables. | |
1261 | +* tty:: Print file name of terminal on standard input. | |
1262 | @end menu | |
1263 | ||
1264 | ||
1265 | -@node pwd invocation | |
1266 | +@node pwd | |
1267 | @section @command{pwd}: Print working directory | |
1268 | ||
1269 | @pindex pwd | |
876a8767 JB |
1270 | @@ -9761,7 +9746,7 @@ |
1271 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1272 | |
1273 | ||
1274 | -@node stty invocation | |
1275 | +@node stty | |
1276 | @section @command{stty}: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
1277 | ||
1278 | @pindex stty | |
876a8767 | 1279 | @@ -10409,7 +10394,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1280 | @end table |
1281 | ||
1282 | ||
1283 | -@node printenv invocation | |
1284 | +@node printenv | |
1285 | @section @command{printenv}: Print all or some environment variables | |
1286 | ||
1287 | @pindex printenv | |
876a8767 | 1288 | @@ -10439,7 +10424,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1289 | @end display |
1290 | ||
1291 | ||
1292 | -@node tty invocation | |
1293 | +@node tty | |
1294 | @section @command{tty}: Print file name of terminal on standard input | |
1295 | ||
1296 | @pindex tty | |
876a8767 | 1297 | @@ -10489,16 +10474,16 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1298 | logins, groups, and so forth. |
1299 | ||
1300 | @menu | |
1301 | -* id invocation:: Print real and effective uid and gid. | |
1302 | -* logname invocation:: Print current login name. | |
1303 | -* whoami invocation:: Print effective user id. | |
1304 | -* groups invocation:: Print group names a user is in. | |
1305 | -* users invocation:: Print login names of users currently logged in. | |
1306 | -* who invocation:: Print who is currently logged in. | |
1307 | +* id:: Print real and effective uid and gid. | |
1308 | +* logname:: Print current login name. | |
1309 | +* whoami:: Print effective user id. | |
fc53c102 | 1310 | +* groups:: Print group names a user is in. |
a839fc2f JB |
1311 | +* users:: Print login names of users currently logged in. |
1312 | +* who:: Print who is currently logged in. | |
1313 | @end menu | |
1314 | ||
1315 | ||
1316 | -@node id invocation | |
1317 | +@node id | |
1318 | @section @command{id}: Print real and effective uid and gid | |
1319 | ||
1320 | @pindex id | |
876a8767 JB |
1321 | @@ -10561,7 +10546,7 @@ |
1322 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1323 | |
1324 | ||
1325 | -@node logname invocation | |
1326 | +@node logname | |
1327 | @section @command{logname}: Print current login name | |
1328 | ||
1329 | @pindex logname | |
876a8767 JB |
1330 | @@ -10583,7 +10568,7 @@ |
1331 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1332 | |
1333 | ||
1334 | -@node whoami invocation | |
1335 | +@node whoami | |
1336 | @section @command{whoami}: Print effective user id | |
1337 | ||
1338 | @pindex whoami | |
876a8767 JB |
1339 | @@ -10599,7 +10584,7 @@ |
1340 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1341 | |
1342 | ||
1343 | -@node groups invocation | |
fc53c102 JB |
1344 | +@node groups |
1345 | @section @command{groups}: Print group names a user is in | |
1346 | ||
1347 | @pindex groups | |
876a8767 JB |
1348 | @@ -10623,7 +10608,7 @@ |
1349 | @exitstatus | |
fc53c102 JB |
1350 | |
1351 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1352 | -@node users invocation |
1353 | +@node users | |
1354 | @section @command{users}: Print login names of users currently logged in | |
1355 | ||
1356 | @pindex users | |
876a8767 JB |
1357 | @@ -10653,7 +10638,7 @@ |
1358 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1359 | |
1360 | ||
1361 | -@node who invocation | |
1362 | +@node who | |
1363 | @section @command{who}: Print who is currently logged in | |
1364 | ||
1365 | @pindex who | |
876a8767 | 1366 | @@ -10804,14 +10789,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1367 | information. |
1368 | ||
1369 | @menu | |
1370 | -* date invocation:: Print or set system date and time. | |
1371 | -* uname invocation:: Print system information. | |
1372 | -* hostname invocation:: Print or set system name. | |
1373 | -* hostid invocation:: Print numeric host identifier. | |
1374 | +* date:: Print or set system date and time. | |
1375 | +* uname:: Print system information. | |
1376 | +* hostid:: Print numeric host identifier. | |
1377 | @end menu | |
1378 | ||
1379 | ||
1380 | -@node date invocation | |
1381 | +@node date | |
1382 | @section @command{date}: Print or set system date and time | |
1383 | ||
1384 | @pindex date | |
876a8767 | 1385 | @@ -11323,7 +11307,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1386 | @end itemize |
1387 | ||
1388 | ||
1389 | -@node uname invocation | |
1390 | +@node uname | |
1391 | @section @command{uname}: Print system information | |
1392 | ||
1393 | @pindex uname | |
876a8767 JB |
1394 | @@ -11446,31 +11430,7 @@ |
1395 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f | 1396 | |
a839fc2f JB |
1397 | |
1398 | -@node hostname invocation | |
1399 | -@section @command{hostname}: Print or set system name | |
1400 | - | |
1401 | -@pindex hostname | |
1402 | -@cindex setting the hostname | |
1403 | -@cindex printing the hostname | |
1404 | -@cindex system name, printing | |
1405 | -@cindex appropriate privileges | |
1406 | - | |
1407 | -With no arguments, @command{hostname} prints the name of the current host | |
1408 | -system. With one argument, it sets the current host name to the | |
1409 | -specified string. You must have appropriate privileges to set the host | |
1410 | -name. Synopsis: | |
1411 | - | |
1412 | -@example | |
1413 | -hostname [@var{name}] | |
1414 | -@end example | |
1415 | - | |
1416 | -The only options are @option{--help} and @option{--version}. @xref{Common | |
1417 | -options}. | |
1418 | - | |
876a8767 JB |
1419 | -@exitstatus |
1420 | - | |
a839fc2f JB |
1421 | - |
1422 | -@node hostid invocation | |
1423 | +@node hostid | |
1424 | @section @command{hostid}: Print numeric host identifier. | |
1425 | ||
1426 | @pindex hostid | |
876a8767 | 1427 | @@ -11507,15 +11467,15 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1428 | user, etc. |
1429 | ||
1430 | @menu | |
1431 | -* chroot invocation:: Modify the root directory. | |
1432 | -* env invocation:: Modify environment variables. | |
1433 | -* nice invocation:: Modify scheduling priority. | |
1434 | -* nohup invocation:: Immunize to hangups. | |
1435 | -* su invocation:: Modify user and group id. | |
1436 | +* chroot:: Modify the root directory. | |
1437 | +* env:: Modify environment variables. | |
1438 | +* nice:: Modify scheduling priority. | |
1439 | +* nohup:: Immunize to hangups. | |
1440 | +* su:: Modify user and group id. | |
1441 | @end menu | |
1442 | ||
1443 | ||
1444 | -@node chroot invocation | |
1445 | +@node chroot | |
1446 | @section @command{chroot}: Run a command with a different root directory | |
1447 | ||
1448 | @pindex chroot | |
876a8767 JB |
1449 | @@ -11580,7 +11540,7 @@ |
1450 | @end display | |
a839fc2f JB |
1451 | |
1452 | ||
1453 | -@node env invocation | |
1454 | +@node env | |
1455 | @section @command{env}: Run a command in a modified environment | |
1456 | ||
1457 | @pindex env | |
876a8767 JB |
1458 | @@ -11645,7 +11605,7 @@ |
1459 | @end display | |
a839fc2f JB |
1460 | |
1461 | ||
1462 | -@node nice invocation | |
1463 | +@node nice | |
1464 | @section @command{nice}: Run a command with modified scheduling priority | |
1465 | ||
1466 | @pindex nice | |
876a8767 JB |
1467 | @@ -11750,7 +11710,7 @@ |
1468 | @end example | |
a839fc2f JB |
1469 | |
1470 | ||
1471 | -@node nohup invocation | |
1472 | +@node nohup | |
1473 | @section @command{nohup}: Run a command immune to hangups | |
1474 | ||
1475 | @pindex nohup | |
876a8767 | 1476 | @@ -11802,7 +11762,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1477 | @end display |
1478 | ||
1479 | ||
1480 | -@node su invocation | |
1481 | +@node su | |
1482 | @section @command{su}: Run a command with substitute user and group id | |
1483 | ||
1484 | @pindex su | |
876a8767 | 1485 | @@ -11959,166 +11919,6 @@ |
fbb5b105 | 1486 | might find this idea strange at first. |
a839fc2f JB |
1487 | |
1488 | ||
1489 | -@node Process control | |
1490 | -@chapter Process control | |
1491 | - | |
1492 | -@cindex processes, commands for controlling | |
1493 | -@cindex commands for controlling processes | |
1494 | - | |
1495 | -@menu | |
1496 | -* kill invocation:: Sending a signal to processes. | |
1497 | -@end menu | |
1498 | - | |
1499 | - | |
1500 | -@node kill invocation | |
1501 | -@section @command{kill}: Send a signal to processes | |
1502 | - | |
1503 | -@pindex kill | |
1504 | -@cindex send a signal to processes | |
1505 | - | |
1506 | -The @command{kill} command sends a signal to processes, causing them | |
1507 | -to terminate or otherwise act upon receiving the signal in some way. | |
1508 | -Alternatively, it lists information about signals. Synopses: | |
1509 | - | |
1510 | -@example | |
1511 | -kill [-s @var{signal} | --signal @var{signal} | -@var{signal}] @var{pid}@dots{} | |
1512 | -kill [-l | --list | -t | --table] [@var{signal}]@dots{} | |
1513 | -@end example | |
1514 | - | |
1515 | -The first form of the @command{kill} command sends a signal to all | |
1516 | -@var{pid} arguments. The default signal to send if none is specified | |
1517 | -is @samp{TERM}. The special signal number @samp{0} does not denote a | |
1518 | -valid signal, but can be used to test whether the @var{pid} arguments | |
1519 | -specify processes to which a signal could be sent. | |
1520 | - | |
1521 | -If @var{pid} is positive, the signal is sent to the process with the | |
1522 | -process id @var{pid}. If @var{pid} is zero, the signal is sent to all | |
1523 | -processes in the process group of the current process. If @var{pid} | |
1524 | -is -1, the signal is sent to all processes for which the user has | |
1525 | -permission to send a signal. If @var{pid} is less than -1, the signal | |
1526 | -is sent to all processes in the process group that equals the absolute | |
1527 | -value of @var{pid}. | |
1528 | - | |
1529 | -If @var{pid} is not positive, a system-dependent set of system | |
1530 | -processes is excluded from the list of processes to which the signal | |
1531 | -is sent. | |
1532 | - | |
1533 | -If a negative @var{PID} argument is desired as the first one, either a | |
1534 | -signal must be specified as well, or the option parsing | |
1535 | -must be interrupted with `--' before the first @var{pid} argument. | |
1536 | -The following three commands are equivalent: | |
1537 | - | |
1538 | -@example | |
1539 | -kill -15 -1 | |
1540 | -kill -TERM -1 | |
1541 | -kill -- -1 | |
1542 | -@end example | |
1543 | - | |
1544 | -The first form of the @command{kill} command succeeds if every @var{pid} | |
1545 | -argument specifies at least one process that the signal was sent to. | |
1546 | - | |
1547 | -The second form of the @command{kill} command lists signal information. | |
1548 | -Either the @option{-l} or @option{--list} option, or the @option{-t} | |
1549 | -or @option{--table} option must be specified. Without any | |
1550 | -@var{signal} argument, all supported signals are listed. The output | |
1551 | -of @option{-l} or @option{--list} is a list of the signal names, one | |
1552 | -per line; if @var{signal} is already a name, the signal number is | |
1553 | -printed instead. The output of @option{-t} or @option{--table} is a | |
1554 | -table of signal numbers, names, and descriptions. This form of the | |
1555 | -@command{kill} command succeeds if all @var{signal} arguments are valid | |
1556 | -and if there is no output error. | |
1557 | - | |
1558 | -The @command{kill} command also supports the @option{--help} and | |
1559 | -@option{--version} options. @xref{Common options}. | |
1560 | - | |
1561 | -A @var{signal} may be a signal name like @samp{HUP}, or a signal | |
1562 | -number like @samp{1}, or an exit status of a process terminated by the | |
1563 | -signal. A signal name can be given in canonical form or prefixed by | |
1564 | -@samp{SIG}. The case of the letters is ignored, except for the | |
1565 | -@option{-@var{signal}} option which must use upper case to avoid | |
1566 | -ambiguity with lower case option letters. The following signal names | |
1567 | -and numbers are supported on all @acronym{POSIX} compliant systems: | |
1568 | - | |
1569 | -@table @samp | |
1570 | -@item HUP | |
1571 | -1. Hangup. | |
1572 | -@item INT | |
1573 | -2. Terminal interrupt. | |
1574 | -@item QUIT | |
1575 | -3. Terminal quit. | |
1576 | -@item ABRT | |
1577 | -6. Process abort. | |
1578 | -@item KILL | |
1579 | -9. Kill (cannot be caught or ignored). | |
1580 | -@item ALRM | |
1581 | -14. Alarm Clock. | |
1582 | -@item TERM | |
1583 | -15. Termination. | |
1584 | -@end table | |
1585 | - | |
1586 | -@noindent | |
1587 | -Other supported signal names have system-dependent corresponding | |
1588 | -numbers. All systems conforming to @acronym{POSIX} 1003.1-2001 also | |
1589 | -support the following signals: | |
1590 | - | |
1591 | -@table @samp | |
1592 | -@item BUS | |
1593 | -Access to an undefined portion of a memory object. | |
1594 | -@item CHLD | |
1595 | -Child process terminated, stopped, or continued. | |
1596 | -@item CONT | |
1597 | -Continue executing, if stopped. | |
1598 | -@item FPE | |
1599 | -Erroneous arithmetic operation. | |
1600 | -@item ILL | |
1601 | -Illegal Instruction. | |
1602 | -@item PIPE | |
1603 | -Write on a pipe with no one to read it. | |
1604 | -@item SEGV | |
1605 | -Invalid memory reference. | |
1606 | -@item STOP | |
1607 | -Stop executing (cannot be caught or ignored). | |
1608 | -@item TSTP | |
1609 | -Terminal stop. | |
1610 | -@item TTIN | |
1611 | -Background process attempting read. | |
1612 | -@item TTOU | |
1613 | -Background process attempting write. | |
1614 | -@item URG | |
1615 | -High bandwidth data is available at a socket. | |
1616 | -@item USR1 | |
1617 | -User-defined signal 1. | |
1618 | -@item USR2 | |
1619 | -User-defined signal 2. | |
1620 | -@end table | |
1621 | - | |
1622 | -@noindent | |
1623 | -@acronym{POSIX} 1003.1-2001 systems that support the @acronym{XSI} extension | |
1624 | -also support the following signals: | |
1625 | - | |
1626 | -@table @samp | |
1627 | -@item POLL | |
1628 | -Pollable event. | |
1629 | -@item PROF | |
1630 | -Profiling timer expired. | |
1631 | -@item SYS | |
1632 | -Bad system call. | |
1633 | -@item TRAP | |
1634 | -Trace/breakpoint trap. | |
1635 | -@item VTALRM | |
1636 | -Virtual timer expired. | |
1637 | -@item XCPU | |
1638 | -CPU time limit exceeded. | |
1639 | -@item XFSZ | |
1640 | -File size limit exceeded. | |
1641 | -@end table | |
1642 | - | |
1643 | -@noindent | |
1644 | -@acronym{POSIX} 1003.1-2001 systems that support the @acronym{XRT} extension | |
1645 | -also support at least eight real-time signals called @samp{RTMIN}, | |
1646 | -@samp{RTMIN+1}, @dots{}, @samp{RTMAX-1}, @samp{RTMAX}. | |
1647 | - | |
1648 | - | |
1649 | @node Delaying | |
1650 | @chapter Delaying | |
1651 | ||
876a8767 | 1652 | @@ -12128,11 +11928,11 @@ |
fbb5b105 | 1653 | @c Perhaps @command{wait} or other commands should be described here also? |
a839fc2f JB |
1654 | |
1655 | @menu | |
1656 | -* sleep invocation:: Delay for a specified time. | |
1657 | +* sleep:: Delay for a specified time. | |
1658 | @end menu | |
1659 | ||
1660 | ||
1661 | -@node sleep invocation | |
1662 | +@node sleep | |
1663 | @section @command{sleep}: Delay for a specified time | |
1664 | ||
1665 | @pindex sleep | |
876a8767 | 1666 | @@ -12179,12 +11979,12 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1667 | These programs do numerically-related operations. |
1668 | ||
1669 | @menu | |
1670 | -* factor invocation:: Show factors of numbers. | |
1671 | -* seq invocation:: Print sequences of numbers. | |
1672 | +* factor:: Show factors of numbers. | |
1673 | +* seq:: Print sequences of numbers. | |
1674 | @end menu | |
1675 | ||
1676 | ||
1677 | -@node factor invocation | |
1678 | +@node factor | |
1679 | @section @command{factor}: Print prime factors | |
1680 | ||
1681 | @pindex factor | |
876a8767 JB |
1682 | @@ -12232,7 +12032,7 @@ |
1683 | @exitstatus | |
1684 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1685 | |
1686 | -@node seq invocation | |
1687 | +@node seq | |
1688 | @section @command{seq}: Print numeric sequences | |
1689 | ||
1690 | @pindex seq |