+++ /dev/null
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-.\" -
-.\" --Copyright--
-.\"
-.\" @(#)nslookup.8 5.3 (Berkeley) 6/24/90
-.\"
-.Dd June 24, 1990
-.Dt NSLOOKUP 8
-.Os BSD 4
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm nslookup
-.Nd query Internet name servers interactively
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Nm nslookup
-.Op Fl option Ar ...
-.Op Ar host-to-find | Fl Op Ar server
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Ic Nslookup
-is a program to query Internet domain name servers.
-.Ic Nslookup
-has two modes: interactive and non-interactive.
-Interactive mode allows the user to query name servers for
-information about various hosts and domains or to print a list of hosts
-in a domain.
-Non-interactive mode is used to print just the name and requested information
-for a host or domain.
-.Sh ARGUMENTS
-Interactive mode is entered in the following cases:
-.Bl -tag -width "a) "
-.It a)
-when no arguments are given (the default name server will be used),
-.It b)
-when the first argument is a hyphen (-) and the second argument
-is the host name or Internet address of a name server.
-.El
-.Pp
-Non-interactive mode is used when the name or Internet address
-of the host to be looked up
-is given as the first argument. The optional second argument specifies
-the host name or address of a name server.
-.Pp
-The options listed under the
-.Dq Li set
-command below can be specified in
-the
-.Pa .nslookuprc
-file in the user's home directory if they are listed
-one per line. Options can also be specified
-on the command line if they precede the arguments and are prefixed with
-a hyphen. For example, to change the default query type to host information,
-and the initial timeout to 10 seconds, type:
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
- nslookup -query=hinfo -timeout=10
-.Ed
-.Sh INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
-Commands may be interrupted at any time by typing a control-C.
-To exit, type a control-D
-.Pq Dv EOF
-or type
-.Li exit .
-The command line length must be less than 256 characters.
-To treat a built-in command as a host name,
-precede it with an escape character
-.Pq .&\\ .
-.Sy N.B.: An unrecognized command will be interpreted as a host name.
-.Bl -tag -width "lserver"
-.It Ar host Op Ar server
-Look up information for
-.Ar host
-using the current default server or using
-.Ar server ,
-if specified.
-If
-.Ar host
-is an Internet address and the query type is
-.Dv A
-or
-.Dv PTR ,
-the name of the host is returned.
-If
-.Ar host
-is a name and does not have a trailing period, the default
-domain name is appended to the name. (This behavior depends on the state of the
-.Ic set
-options
-.Ic domain , srchlist , defname ,
-and
-.Ic search . )
-.Pp
-To look up a host not in the current domain, append a period to
-the name.
-.It Ic server Ar domain
-.It Ic lserver Ar domain
-Change the default server to
-.Ar domain ;
-.Ic lserver
-uses the initial server to look up information about
-.Ar domain ,
-while
-.Ic server
-uses the current default server.
-If an authoritative answer can't be found, the names of servers
-that might have the answer are returned.
-.It Ic root
-Changes the default server to the server for the root of the domain name space.
-Currently, the host
-.Li ns.internic.net
-is used.
-(This command is a synonym for
-.Dq Ic lserver ns.internic.net . )
-The name of the root server can be changed with the
-.Dq Ic set root
-command.
-.It Xo Ic finger Op Ar name
-.Op Ic > Ar filename
-.Xc
-.It Xo Ic finger Op Ar name
-.Op Ic >> Ar filename
-.Xc
-Connects with the finger server on the current host.
-The current host is defined when a previous lookup for a host
-was successful and returned address information (see the
-.Dq Ic set querytype=A
-command).
-The
-.Ar name
-is optional.
-.Ic >
-and
-.Ic >>
-can be used to redirect output in the usual manner.
-.It Xo Ic ls Op Ar option
-.Ar domain Op Ic > Ar filename
-.Xc
-.It Xo Ic ls Op Ar option
-.Ar domain Op Ic >> Ar filename
-.Xc
-List the information available for
-.Ar domain ,
-optionally creating or appending to
-.Ar filename .
-The default output contains host names and their Internet addresses.
-.Ar Option
-can be one of the following:
-.Bl -tag -width "-a "
-.It Fl t Ar querytype
-lists all records of the specified type (see
-.Ar querytype
-below).
-.It Fl a
-lists aliases of hosts in the domain;
-synonym for
-.Dq Fl t Dv CNAME .
-.It Fl d
-lists all records for the domain;
-synonym for
-.Dq Fl t Dv ANY .
-.It Fl h
-lists CPU and operating system information for the domain;
-synonym for
-.Dq Fl t Dv HINFO .
-.It Fl s
-lists well-known services of hosts in the domain;
-synonym for
-.Dq Fl t Dv WKS .
-.El
-.Pp
-When output is directed to a file, hash marks are printed for every
-50 records received from the server.
-.It Ic view Ar filename
-Sorts and lists the output of previous
-.Ic ls
-command(s) with
-.Xr more 1 .
-.It Ic help
-.It Ic ?
-Prints a brief summary of commands.
-.It Ic exit
-Exits the program.
-.It Xo Ic set Ar keyword
-.Ns Op = Ns Ar value
-.Xc
-This command is used to change state information that affects the lookups.
-Valid keywords are:
-.Bl -tag -width "class=v"
-.It Ic all
-Prints the current values of the frequently-used options to
-.Ic set .
-Information about the current default server and host is also printed.
-.It Ic class= Ns Ar value
-Change the query class to one of:
-.Bl -tag -width "HESIOD "
-.It Dv IN
-the Internet class
-.It Dv CHAOS
-the Chaos class
-.It Dv HESIOD
-the MIT Athena Hesiod class
-.It Dv ANY
-wildcard (any of the above)
-.El
-.Pp
-The class specifies the protocol group of the information.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Dv IN ;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic cl )
-.It Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic debug
-.Xc
-Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is printed about the
-packet sent to the server and the resulting answer.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic nodebug ;
-abbreviation =
-.Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic deb )
-.Xc
-.It Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic d2
-.Xc
-Turn exhaustive debugging mode on.
-Essentially all fields of every packet are printed.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic nod2 )
-.It Ic domain= Ns Ar name
-Change the default domain name to
-.Ar name .
-The default domain name is appended to a lookup request depending on the
-state of the
-.Ic defname
-and
-.Ic search
-options.
-The domain search list contains the parents of the default domain if it has
-at least two components in its name.
-For example, if the default domain
-is CC.Berkeley.EDU, the search list is CC.Berkeley.EDU and Berkeley.EDU.
-Use the
-.Dq Ic set srchlist
-command to specify a different list.
-Use the
-.Dq Ic set all
-command to display the list.
-.Pp
-(Default = value from
-.Xr hostname 1 ,
-.Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
-or
-.Ev LOCALDOMAIN;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic do )
-.It Ic srchlist= Ns Ar name1/name2/...
-Change the default domain name to
-.Ar name1
-and the domain search list
-to
-.Ar name1 , name2 ,
-etc. A maximum of 6 names separated by slashes (/)
-can be specified.
-For example,
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
-set srchlist=lcs.MIT.EDU/ai.MIT.EDU/MIT.EDU
-.Ed
-.Pp
-sets the domain to lcs.MIT.EDU and the search list to the three names.
-This command overrides the
-default domain name and search list of the
-.Dq Ic set domain
-command.
-Use the
-.Dq Ic set all
-command to display the list.
-.Pp
-(Default = value based on
-.Xr hostname 1 ,
-.Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
-or
-.Ev LOCALDOMAIN;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic srchl )
-.It Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic defname
-.Xc
-If set, append the default domain name to a single-component lookup request
-(i.e., one that does not contain a period).
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic defname ;
-abbreviation =
-.Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic defname )
-.Xc
-.It Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic search
-.Xc
-If the lookup request contains at least one period but
-.Em doesn't
-end with a trailing period, append the domain names in the domain search list
-to the request until an answer is received.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic search ;
-abbreviation =
-.Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic sea )
-.Xc
-.It Ic port= Ns Ar value
-Change the default TCP/UDP name server port to
-.Ar value .
-.Pp
-(Default = 53;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic \&po )
-.It Ic querytype= Ns Ar value
-.It Ic type= Ns Ar value
-Change the type of information query to one of:
-.Bl -tag -width "HINFO "
-.It Dv A
-the host's Internet address.
-.It Dv CNAME
-the canonical name for an alias.
-.It Dv HINFO
-the host CPU and operating system type.
-.It Dv MINFO
-the mailbox or mail list information.
-.It Dv MX
-the mail exchanger.
-.It Dv NS
-the name server for the named zone.
-.It Dv PTR
-the host name if the query is an Internet address;
-otherwise, the pointer to other information.
-.It Dv SOA
-the domain's
-.Dq start-of-authority
-information.
-.It Dv TXT
-the text information.
-.It Dv UINFO
-the user information.
-.It Dv WKS
-the supported well-known services.
-.El
-.Pp
-Other types
-.Pq Dv ANY, AXFR, MB, MD, MF, NULL
-are described in the RFC-1035 document.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Dv A ;
-abbreviations =
-.Ic q , ty )
-.It Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic recurse
-.Xc
-Tell the name server to query other servers if it does not have the
-information.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic recurse ;
-abbreviation =
-.Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic rec )
-.Xc
-.It Ic retry= Ns Ar number
-Set the number of retries to
-.Ar number .
-When a reply to a request is not received within a certain
-amount of time (changed with
-.Dq Ic set timeout ) ,
-the timeout period is doubled and the request is resent.
-The retry value controls how many times a request is resent before giving up.
-.Pp
-(Default = 4, abbreviation =
-.Ic ret )
-.It Ic root= Ns Ar host
-Change the name of the root server to
-.Ar host .
-This affects the
-.Dq Ic root
-command.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic ns.internic.net. ;
-abbreviation =
-.Ic ro )
-.It Ic timeout= Ns Ar number
-Change the initial timeout interval for waiting for a reply to
-.Ar number
-seconds. Each retry doubles the timeout period.
-.Pp
-(Default = 5 seconds; abbreviation =
-.Ic ti )
-.It Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic vc
-.Xc
-Always use a virtual circuit when sending requests to the server.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic novc ;
-abbreviation =
-.Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic v )
-.Xc
-.It Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic ignoretc
-.Xc
-Ignore packet truncation errors.
-.Pp
-(Default =
-.Ic noignoretc ;
-abbreviation =
-.Xo Op Ic no
-.Ns Ic ig )
-.Xc
-.El
-.El
-.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
-If the lookup request was not successful, an error message is printed.
-Possible errors are:
-.Bl -tag -width "Timed"
-.It Li Timed out
-The server did not respond to a request after a certain amount of
-time (changed with
-.Dq Ic set timeout= Ns Ar value )
-and a certain number of retries (changed with
-.Dq Ic set retry= Ns Ar value ) .
-.It Li \&No response from server
-No name server is running on the server machine.
-.It Li \&No records
-The server does not have resource records of the current query type for the
-host, although the host name is valid.
-The query type is specified with the
-.Dq Ic set querytype
-command.
-.It Li Non-existent domain
-The host or domain name does not exist.
-.It Li Connection refused
-.It Li Network is unreachable
-The connection to the name or finger server could not be made
-at the current time.
-This error commonly occurs with
-.Ic ls
-and
-.Ic finger
-requests.
-.It Li Server failure
-The name server found an internal inconsistency in its database
-and could not return a valid answer.
-.It Li Refused
-The name server refused to service the request.
-.It Li Format error
-The name server found that the request packet was not in the proper format.
-It may indicate an error in
-.Nm nslookup .
-.El
-.Sh FILES
-.Bl -tag -width "/usr/share/misc/nslookup.helpXXX" -compact
-.It Pa /etc/resolv.conf
-initial domain name and name server addresses
-.It Pa $HOME/.nslookuprc
-user's initial options
-.It Pa /usr/share/misc/nslookup.help
-summary of commands
-.Sh ENVIRONMENT
-.Bl -tag -width "HOSTALIASESXXXX" -compact
-.It Ev HOSTALIASES
-file containing host aliases
-.It Ev LOCALDOMAIN
-overrides default domain
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr named 8 ,
-.Xr resolver 3 ,
-.Xr resolver 5 ;
-RFC-1034,
-.Dq Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities ;
-RFC-1035,
-.Dq Domain Names - Implementation and Specification .
-.Sh AUTHOR
-Andrew Cherenson
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