]>
Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
46145361 JB |
1 | --- coreutils-8.25/doc/coreutils.texi.orig 2016-01-13 12:16:39.000000000 +0100 |
2 | +++ coreutils-8.25/doc/coreutils.texi 2016-01-29 21:28:29.282714525 +0100 | |
8127c87d | 3 | @@ -22,121 +22,110 @@ |
fbb5b105 JB |
4 | @syncodeindex pg cp |
5 | @syncodeindex vr cp | |
6 | ||
7 | -@dircategory Basics | |
8 | +@dircategory Core utilities: | |
9 | @direntry | |
10 | -* Coreutils: (coreutils). Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities. | |
10c838b0 | 11 | +* Coreutils: (coreutils). Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities |
703a6c3b JB |
12 | * Common options: (coreutils)Common options. |
13 | -* File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions. Access modes. | |
10c838b0 JB |
14 | +* File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions. Access modes |
15 | * Date input formats: (coreutils)Date input formats. | |
fbb5b105 | 16 | -@end direntry |
a839fc2f | 17 | - |
c2be74f0 JB |
18 | -@c FIXME: the following need documentation |
19 | -@c * [: (coreutils)[ invocation. File/string tests. | |
20 | -@c * pinky: (coreutils)pinky invocation. FIXME. | |
c2be74f0 | 21 | - |
fbb5b105 JB |
22 | -@dircategory Individual utilities |
23 | -@direntry | |
3c350007 | 24 | -* arch: (coreutils)arch invocation. Print machine hardware name. |
46145361 | 25 | -* base32: (coreutils)base32 invocation. Base32 encode/decode data. |
c2be74f0 | 26 | -* base64: (coreutils)base64 invocation. Base64 encode/decode data. |
a839fc2f JB |
27 | -* basename: (coreutils)basename invocation. Strip directory and suffix. |
28 | -* cat: (coreutils)cat invocation. Concatenate and write files. | |
10c838b0 | 29 | -* chcon: (coreutils)chcon invocation. Change SELinux CTX of files. |
a839fc2f | 30 | -* chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp invocation. Change file groups. |
703a6c3b JB |
31 | -* chmod: (coreutils)chmod invocation. Change access permissions. |
32 | -* chown: (coreutils)chown invocation. Change file owners and groups. | |
a839fc2f | 33 | -* chroot: (coreutils)chroot invocation. Specify the root directory. |
fbb5b105 | 34 | -* cksum: (coreutils)cksum invocation. Print POSIX CRC checksum. |
a839fc2f JB |
35 | -* comm: (coreutils)comm invocation. Compare sorted files by line. |
36 | -* cp: (coreutils)cp invocation. Copy files. | |
37 | -* csplit: (coreutils)csplit invocation. Split by context. | |
38 | -* cut: (coreutils)cut invocation. Print selected parts of lines. | |
39 | -* date: (coreutils)date invocation. Print/set system date and time. | |
40 | -* dd: (coreutils)dd invocation. Copy and convert a file. | |
c2be74f0 | 41 | -* df: (coreutils)df invocation. Report file system disk usage. |
a839fc2f JB |
42 | -* dir: (coreutils)dir invocation. List directories briefly. |
43 | -* dircolors: (coreutils)dircolors invocation. Color setup for ls. | |
10c838b0 | 44 | -* dirname: (coreutils)dirname invocation. Strip last file name component. |
a839fc2f JB |
45 | -* du: (coreutils)du invocation. Report on disk usage. |
46 | -* echo: (coreutils)echo invocation. Print a line of text. | |
47 | -* env: (coreutils)env invocation. Modify the environment. | |
48 | -* expand: (coreutils)expand invocation. Convert tabs to spaces. | |
49 | -* expr: (coreutils)expr invocation. Evaluate expressions. | |
50 | -* factor: (coreutils)factor invocation. Print prime factors | |
51 | -* false: (coreutils)false invocation. Do nothing, unsuccessfully. | |
52 | -* fmt: (coreutils)fmt invocation. Reformat paragraph text. | |
53 | -* fold: (coreutils)fold invocation. Wrap long input lines. | |
54 | -* groups: (coreutils)groups invocation. Print group names a user is in. | |
55 | -* head: (coreutils)head invocation. Output the first part of files. | |
56 | -* hostid: (coreutils)hostid invocation. Print numeric host identifier. | |
57 | -* hostname: (coreutils)hostname invocation. Print or set system name. | |
c2be74f0 | 58 | -* id: (coreutils)id invocation. Print user identity. |
8127c87d | 59 | -* install: (coreutils)install invocation. Copy files and set attributes. |
a839fc2f JB |
60 | -* join: (coreutils)join invocation. Join lines on a common field. |
61 | -* kill: (coreutils)kill invocation. Send a signal to processes. | |
62 | -* link: (coreutils)link invocation. Make hard links between files. | |
63 | -* ln: (coreutils)ln invocation. Make links between files. | |
64 | -* logname: (coreutils)logname invocation. Print current login name. | |
65 | -* ls: (coreutils)ls invocation. List directory contents. | |
c2be74f0 | 66 | -* md5sum: (coreutils)md5sum invocation. Print or check MD5 digests. |
a839fc2f JB |
67 | -* mkdir: (coreutils)mkdir invocation. Create directories. |
68 | -* mkfifo: (coreutils)mkfifo invocation. Create FIFOs (named pipes). | |
69 | -* mknod: (coreutils)mknod invocation. Create special files. | |
10c838b0 | 70 | -* mktemp: (coreutils)mktemp invocation. Create temporary files. |
a839fc2f | 71 | -* mv: (coreutils)mv invocation. Rename files. |
c2be74f0 | 72 | -* nice: (coreutils)nice invocation. Modify niceness. |
a839fc2f JB |
73 | -* nl: (coreutils)nl invocation. Number lines and write files. |
74 | -* nohup: (coreutils)nohup invocation. Immunize to hangups. | |
10c838b0 | 75 | -* nproc: (coreutils)nproc invocation. Print the number of processors. |
d51def31 | 76 | -* numfmt: (coreutils)numfmt invocation. Reformat numbers. |
a839fc2f JB |
77 | -* od: (coreutils)od invocation. Dump files in octal, etc. |
78 | -* paste: (coreutils)paste invocation. Merge lines of files. | |
79 | -* pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk invocation. Check file name portability. | |
80 | -* pr: (coreutils)pr invocation. Paginate or columnate files. | |
81 | -* printenv: (coreutils)printenv invocation. Print environment variables. | |
82 | -* printf: (coreutils)printf invocation. Format and print data. | |
83 | -* ptx: (coreutils)ptx invocation. Produce permuted indexes. | |
84 | -* pwd: (coreutils)pwd invocation. Print working directory. | |
fbb5b105 | 85 | -* readlink: (coreutils)readlink invocation. Print referent of a symlink. |
8127c87d | 86 | -* realpath: (coreutils)realpath invocation. Print resolved file names. |
a839fc2f JB |
87 | -* rm: (coreutils)rm invocation. Remove files. |
88 | -* rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir invocation. Remove empty directories. | |
10c838b0 | 89 | -* runcon: (coreutils)runcon invocation. Run in specified SELinux CTX. |
a839fc2f | 90 | -* seq: (coreutils)seq invocation. Print numeric sequences |
c2be74f0 JB |
91 | -* sha1sum: (coreutils)sha1sum invocation. Print or check SHA-1 digests. |
92 | -* sha2: (coreutils)sha2 utilities. Print or check SHA-2 digests. | |
a839fc2f | 93 | -* shred: (coreutils)shred invocation. Remove files more securely. |
c2be74f0 | 94 | -* shuf: (coreutils)shuf invocation. Shuffling text files. |
a839fc2f JB |
95 | -* sleep: (coreutils)sleep invocation. Delay for a specified time. |
96 | -* sort: (coreutils)sort invocation. Sort text files. | |
0d2793d8 | 97 | -* split: (coreutils)split invocation. Split into pieces. |
fbb5b105 | 98 | -* stat: (coreutils)stat invocation. Report file(system) status. |
10c838b0 | 99 | -* stdbuf: (coreutils)stdbuf invocation. Modify stdio buffering. |
a839fc2f | 100 | -* stty: (coreutils)stty invocation. Print/change terminal settings. |
a839fc2f | 101 | -* sum: (coreutils)sum invocation. Print traditional checksum. |
46145361 | 102 | -* sync: (coreutils)sync invocation. Synchronize memory to disk. |
a839fc2f JB |
103 | -* tac: (coreutils)tac invocation. Reverse files. |
104 | -* tail: (coreutils)tail invocation. Output the last part of files. | |
105 | -* tee: (coreutils)tee invocation. Redirect to multiple files. | |
106 | -* test: (coreutils)test invocation. File/string tests. | |
10c838b0 | 107 | -* timeout: (coreutils)timeout invocation. Run with time limit. |
a839fc2f JB |
108 | -* touch: (coreutils)touch invocation. Change file timestamps. |
109 | -* tr: (coreutils)tr invocation. Translate characters. | |
110 | -* true: (coreutils)true invocation. Do nothing, successfully. | |
10c838b0 | 111 | -* truncate: (coreutils)truncate invocation. Shrink/extend size of a file. |
a839fc2f JB |
112 | -* tsort: (coreutils)tsort invocation. Topological sort. |
113 | -* tty: (coreutils)tty invocation. Print terminal name. | |
114 | -* uname: (coreutils)uname invocation. Print system information. | |
115 | -* unexpand: (coreutils)unexpand invocation. Convert spaces to tabs. | |
a839fc2f | 116 | -* uniq: (coreutils)uniq invocation. Uniquify files. |
fbb5b105 | 117 | -* unlink: (coreutils)unlink invocation. Removal via unlink(2). |
10c838b0 | 118 | -* uptime: (coreutils)uptime invocation. Print uptime and load. |
a839fc2f JB |
119 | -* users: (coreutils)users invocation. Print current user names. |
120 | -* vdir: (coreutils)vdir invocation. List directories verbosely. | |
876a8767 | 121 | -* wc: (coreutils)wc invocation. Line, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f | 122 | -* who: (coreutils)who invocation. Print who is logged in. |
c2be74f0 | 123 | -* whoami: (coreutils)whoami invocation. Print effective user ID. |
a839fc2f | 124 | -* yes: (coreutils)yes invocation. Print a string indefinitely. |
10c838b0 | 125 | +* arch: (coreutils)arch. Print machine hardware name |
46145361 | 126 | +* base32: (coreutils)base32. Base32 encode/decode data |
10c838b0 JB |
127 | +* base64: (coreutils)base64. Base64 encode/decode data |
128 | +* basename: (coreutils)basename. Strip directory and suffix | |
129 | +* cat: (coreutils)cat. Concatenate and write files | |
130 | +* chcon: (coreutils)chcon. Change SELinux CTX of files | |
131 | +* chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp. Change file groups | |
703a6c3b JB |
132 | +* chmod: (coreutils)chmod. Change access permissions |
133 | +* chown: (coreutils)chown. Change file owners and groups | |
10c838b0 JB |
134 | +* chroot: (coreutils)chroot. Specify the root directory |
135 | +* cksum: (coreutils)cksum. Print POSIX CRC checksum | |
136 | +* comm: (coreutils)comm. Compare sorted files by line | |
137 | +* cp: (coreutils)cp. Copy files | |
138 | +* csplit: (coreutils)csplit. Split by context | |
139 | +* cut: (coreutils)cut. Print selected parts of lines | |
140 | +* date: (coreutils)date. Print/set system date and time | |
141 | +* dd: (coreutils)dd. Copy and convert a file | |
142 | +* df: (coreutils)df. Report file system disk usage | |
143 | +* dir: (coreutils)dir. List directories briefly | |
144 | +* dircolors: (coreutils)dircolors. Color setup for ls | |
145 | +* dirname: (coreutils)dirname. Strip last file name component | |
146 | +* du: (coreutils)du. Report on disk usage | |
147 | +* echo: (coreutils)echo. Print a line of text | |
148 | +* env: (coreutils)env. Modify the environment | |
149 | +* expand: (coreutils)expand. Convert tabs to spaces | |
150 | +* expr: (coreutils)expr. Evaluate expressions | |
151 | +* factor: (coreutils)factor. Print prime factors | |
152 | +* false: (coreutils)false. Do nothing, unsuccessfully | |
153 | +* fmt: (coreutils)fmt. Reformat paragraph text | |
154 | +* fold: (coreutils)fold. Wrap long input lines | |
155 | +* groups: (coreutils)groups. Print group names a user is in | |
156 | +* head: (coreutils)head. Output the first part of files | |
157 | +* hostid: (coreutils)hostid. Print numeric host identifier | |
158 | +* id: (coreutils)id. Print user identity | |
8127c87d | 159 | +* install: (coreutils)install. Copy files and set attributes |
10c838b0 JB |
160 | +* join: (coreutils)join. Join lines on a common field |
161 | +* link: (coreutils)link. Make hard links between files | |
162 | +* ln: (coreutils)ln. Make links between files | |
163 | +* logname: (coreutils)logname. Print current login name | |
164 | +* ls: (coreutils)ls. List directory contents | |
165 | +* md5sum: (coreutils)md5sum. Print or check MD5 digests | |
166 | +* mkdir: (coreutils)mkdir. Create directories | |
167 | +* mkfifo: (coreutils)mkfifo. Create FIFOs (named pipes) | |
168 | +* mknod: (coreutils)mknod. Create special files | |
169 | +* mktemp: (coreutils)mktemp. Create temporary files | |
170 | +* mv: (coreutils)mv. Rename files | |
171 | +* nice: (coreutils)nice. Modify niceness | |
172 | +* nl: (coreutils)nl. Number lines and write files | |
173 | +* nohup: (coreutils)nohup. Immunize to hangups | |
174 | +* nproc: (coreutils)nproc. Print the number of processors | |
d51def31 | 175 | +* numfmt: (coreutils)numfmt. Reformat numbers |
0d2793d8 | 176 | +* od: (coreutils)od. Dump files in octal, etc. |
10c838b0 JB |
177 | +* paste: (coreutils)paste. Merge lines of files |
178 | +* pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk. Check file name portability | |
179 | +* pr: (coreutils)pr. Paginate or columnate files | |
180 | +* printenv: (coreutils)printenv. Print environment variables | |
181 | +* printf: (coreutils)printf. Format and print data | |
182 | +* ptx: (coreutils)ptx. Produce permuted indexes | |
183 | +* pwd: (coreutils)pwd. Print working directory | |
184 | +* readlink: (coreutils)readlink. Print referent of a symlink | |
8127c87d | 185 | +* realpath: (coreutils)realpath. Print resolved file names |
10c838b0 JB |
186 | +* rm: (coreutils)rm. Remove files |
187 | +* rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir. Remove empty directories | |
188 | +* runcon: (coreutils)runcon. Run in specified SELinux CTX | |
189 | +* seq: (coreutils)seq. Print numeric sequences | |
190 | +* sha1sum: (coreutils)sha1sum. Print or check SHA-1 digests | |
8127c87d | 191 | +* sha2: (coreutils)sha2 Print or check SHA-2 digests |
10c838b0 JB |
192 | +* shred: (coreutils)shred. Remove files more securely |
193 | +* shuf: (coreutils)shuf. Shuffling text files | |
194 | +* sleep: (coreutils)sleep. Delay for a specified time | |
195 | +* sort: (coreutils)sort. Sort text files | |
0d2793d8 | 196 | +* split: (coreutils)split. Split into pieces |
10c838b0 JB |
197 | +* stat: (coreutils)stat. Report file(system) status |
198 | +* stdbuf: (coreutils)stdbuf. Modify stdio buffering | |
199 | +* stty: (coreutils)stty. Print/change terminal settings | |
10c838b0 | 200 | +* sum: (coreutils)sum. Print traditional checksum |
46145361 | 201 | +* sync: (coreutils)sync. Synchronize memory to disk |
10c838b0 JB |
202 | +* tac: (coreutils)tac. Reverse files |
203 | +* tail: (coreutils)tail. Output the last part of files | |
204 | +* tee: (coreutils)tee. Redirect to multiple files | |
205 | +* test: (coreutils)test. File/string tests | |
206 | +* timeout: (coreutils)timeout. Run with time limit | |
207 | +* touch: (coreutils)touch. Change file timestamps | |
208 | +* tr: (coreutils)tr. Translate characters | |
209 | +* true: (coreutils)true. Do nothing, successfully | |
210 | +* truncate: (coreutils)truncate. Shrink/extend size of a file | |
211 | +* tsort: (coreutils)tsort. Topological sort | |
212 | +* tty: (coreutils)tty. Print terminal name | |
213 | +* uname: (coreutils)uname. Print system information | |
214 | +* unexpand: (coreutils)unexpand. Convert spaces to tabs | |
215 | +* uniq: (coreutils)uniq. Uniquify files | |
216 | +* unlink: (coreutils)unlink. Removal via unlink(2) | |
217 | +* users: (coreutils)users. Print current user names | |
218 | +* vdir: (coreutils)vdir. List directories verbosely | |
219 | +* wc: (coreutils)wc. Line, word, and byte counts | |
220 | +* who: (coreutils)who. Print who is logged in | |
221 | +* whoami: (coreutils)whoami. Print effective user ID | |
222 | +* yes: (coreutils)yes. Print a string indefinitely | |
fbb5b105 JB |
223 | @end direntry |
224 | ||
225 | @copying | |
8127c87d | 226 | @@ -201,10 +190,9 @@ |
703a6c3b | 227 | * File name manipulation:: dirname basename pathchk mktemp realpath |
10c838b0 JB |
228 | * Working context:: pwd stty printenv tty |
229 | * User information:: id logname whoami groups users who | |
230 | -* System context:: date arch nproc uname hostname hostid uptime | |
231 | +* System context:: date arch nproc uname hostid | |
232 | * SELinux context:: chcon runcon | |
703a6c3b | 233 | * Modified command invocation:: chroot env nice nohup stdbuf timeout |
10c838b0 JB |
234 | -* Process control:: kill |
235 | * Delaying:: sleep | |
46145361 | 236 | * Numeric operations:: factor numfmt seq |
10c838b0 | 237 | * File permissions:: Access modes |
46145361 | 238 | @@ -234,43 +222,43 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
239 | |
240 | Output of entire files | |
241 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
242 | -* cat invocation:: Concatenate and write files |
243 | -* tac invocation:: Concatenate and write files in reverse | |
244 | -* nl invocation:: Number lines and write files | |
245 | -* od invocation:: Write files in octal or other formats | |
46145361 | 246 | -* base32 invocation:: Transform data into printable data |
10c838b0 JB |
247 | -* base64 invocation:: Transform data into printable data |
248 | +* cat:: Concatenate and write files | |
249 | +* tac:: Concatenate and write files in reverse | |
250 | +* nl:: Number lines and write files | |
251 | +* od:: Write files in octal or other formats | |
46145361 | 252 | +* base32:: Transform data into printable data |
10c838b0 | 253 | +* base64:: Transform data into printable data |
a839fc2f JB |
254 | |
255 | Formatting file contents | |
256 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
257 | -* fmt invocation:: Reformat paragraph text |
258 | -* pr invocation:: Paginate or columnate files for printing | |
259 | -* fold invocation:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width | |
260 | +* fmt:: Reformat paragraph text | |
261 | +* pr:: Paginate or columnate files for printing | |
262 | +* fold:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width | |
a839fc2f JB |
263 | |
264 | Output of parts of files | |
265 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
266 | -* head invocation:: Output the first part of files |
267 | -* tail invocation:: Output the last part of files | |
268 | -* split invocation:: Split a file into fixed-size pieces | |
269 | -* csplit invocation:: Split a file into context-determined pieces | |
270 | +* head:: Output the first part of files | |
271 | +* tail:: Output the last part of files | |
272 | +* split:: Split a file into fixed-size pieces | |
273 | +* csplit:: Split a file into context-determined pieces | |
a839fc2f JB |
274 | |
275 | Summarizing files | |
276 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
277 | -* wc invocation:: Print newline, word, and byte counts |
278 | -* sum invocation:: Print checksum and block counts | |
279 | -* cksum invocation:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts | |
280 | -* md5sum invocation:: Print or check MD5 digests | |
281 | -* sha1sum invocation:: Print or check SHA-1 digests | |
282 | +* wc:: Print newline, word, and byte counts | |
283 | +* sum:: Print checksum and block counts | |
284 | +* cksum:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts | |
285 | +* md5sum:: Print or check MD5 digests | |
286 | +* sha1sum:: Print or check SHA-1 digests | |
287 | * sha2 utilities:: Print or check SHA-2 digests | |
a839fc2f JB |
288 | |
289 | Operating on sorted files | |
290 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
291 | -* sort invocation:: Sort text files |
292 | -* shuf invocation:: Shuffle text files | |
293 | -* uniq invocation:: Uniquify files | |
294 | -* comm invocation:: Compare two sorted files line by line | |
295 | -* ptx invocation:: Produce a permuted index of file contents | |
296 | -* tsort invocation:: Topological sort | |
297 | +* sort:: Sort text files | |
298 | +* shuf:: Shuffle text files | |
299 | +* uniq:: Uniquify files | |
300 | +* comm:: Compare two sorted files line by line | |
301 | +* ptx:: Produce a permuted index of file contents | |
302 | +* tsort:: Topological sort | |
a839fc2f JB |
303 | |
304 | @command{ptx}: Produce permuted indexes | |
305 | ||
8127c87d | 306 | @@ -282,15 +270,15 @@ |
a839fc2f | 307 | |
10c838b0 | 308 | Operating on fields |
a839fc2f | 309 | |
10c838b0 JB |
310 | -* cut invocation:: Print selected parts of lines |
311 | -* paste invocation:: Merge lines of files | |
312 | -* join invocation:: Join lines on a common field | |
313 | +* cut:: Print selected parts of lines | |
314 | +* paste:: Merge lines of files | |
315 | +* join:: Join lines on a common field | |
a839fc2f JB |
316 | |
317 | Operating on characters | |
318 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
319 | -* tr invocation:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters |
320 | -* expand invocation:: Convert tabs to spaces | |
321 | -* unexpand invocation:: Convert spaces to tabs | |
322 | +* tr:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters | |
323 | +* expand:: Convert tabs to spaces | |
324 | +* unexpand:: Convert spaces to tabs | |
a839fc2f JB |
325 | |
326 | @command{tr}: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters | |
327 | ||
8127c87d | 328 | @@ -300,10 +288,10 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
329 | |
330 | Directory listing | |
331 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
332 | -* ls invocation:: List directory contents |
333 | -* dir invocation:: Briefly list directory contents | |
334 | -* vdir invocation:: Verbosely list directory contents | |
335 | -* dircolors invocation:: Color setup for @command{ls} | |
336 | +* ls:: List directory contents | |
337 | +* dir:: Briefly list directory contents | |
338 | +* vdir:: Verbosely list directory contents | |
339 | +* dircolors:: Color setup for @command{ls} | |
a839fc2f JB |
340 | |
341 | @command{ls}: List directory contents | |
342 | ||
8127c87d | 343 | @@ -316,51 +304,51 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
344 | |
345 | Basic operations | |
346 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
347 | -* cp invocation:: Copy files and directories |
348 | -* dd invocation:: Convert and copy a file | |
349 | -* install invocation:: Copy files and set attributes | |
350 | -* mv invocation:: Move (rename) files | |
351 | -* rm invocation:: Remove files or directories | |
352 | -* shred invocation:: Remove files more securely | |
353 | +* cp:: Copy files and directories | |
354 | +* dd:: Convert and copy a file | |
355 | +* install:: Copy files and set attributes | |
356 | +* mv:: Move (rename) files | |
357 | +* rm:: Remove files or directories | |
358 | +* shred:: Remove files more securely | |
a839fc2f JB |
359 | |
360 | Special file types | |
361 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
362 | -* link invocation:: Make a hard link via the link syscall |
363 | -* ln invocation:: Make links between files | |
364 | -* mkdir invocation:: Make directories | |
365 | -* mkfifo invocation:: Make FIFOs (named pipes) | |
366 | -* mknod invocation:: Make block or character special files | |
367 | -* readlink invocation:: Print value of a symlink or canonical file name | |
368 | -* rmdir invocation:: Remove empty directories | |
369 | -* unlink invocation:: Remove files via unlink syscall | |
370 | +* link:: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
371 | +* ln:: Make links between files | |
372 | +* mkdir:: Make directories | |
373 | +* mkfifo:: Make FIFOs (named pipes) | |
374 | +* mknod:: Make block or character special files | |
375 | +* readlink:: Print value of a symlink or canonical file name | |
376 | +* rmdir:: Remove empty directories | |
377 | +* unlink:: Remove files via unlink syscall | |
a839fc2f JB |
378 | |
379 | Changing file attributes | |
380 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
381 | -* chown invocation:: Change file owner and group |
382 | -* chgrp invocation:: Change group ownership | |
383 | -* chmod invocation:: Change access permissions | |
384 | -* touch invocation:: Change file timestamps | |
385 | +* chown:: Change file owner and group | |
386 | +* chgrp:: Change group ownership | |
387 | +* chmod:: Change access permissions | |
388 | +* touch:: Change file timestamps | |
a839fc2f JB |
389 | |
390 | Disk usage | |
391 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
392 | -* df invocation:: Report file system disk space usage |
393 | -* du invocation:: Estimate file space usage | |
394 | -* stat invocation:: Report file or file system status | |
46145361 | 395 | -* sync invocation:: Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage |
10c838b0 JB |
396 | -* truncate invocation:: Shrink or extend the size of a file |
397 | +* df:: Report file system disk space usage | |
398 | +* du:: Estimate file space usage | |
399 | +* stat:: Report file or file system status | |
46145361 | 400 | +* sync:: Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage |
10c838b0 | 401 | +* truncate:: Shrink or extend the size of a file |
a839fc2f JB |
402 | |
403 | Printing text | |
404 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
405 | -* echo invocation:: Print a line of text |
406 | -* printf invocation:: Format and print data | |
407 | -* yes invocation:: Print a string until interrupted | |
408 | +* echo:: Print a line of text | |
409 | +* printf:: Format and print data | |
410 | +* yes:: Print a string until interrupted | |
a839fc2f JB |
411 | |
412 | Conditions | |
413 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
414 | -* false invocation:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully |
415 | -* true invocation:: Do nothing, successfully | |
416 | -* test invocation:: Check file types and compare values | |
417 | -* expr invocation:: Evaluate expressions | |
418 | +* false:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully | |
419 | +* true:: Do nothing, successfully | |
420 | +* test:: Check file types and compare values | |
421 | +* expr:: Evaluate expressions | |
a839fc2f JB |
422 | |
423 | @command{test}: Check file types and compare values | |
424 | ||
8127c87d | 425 | @@ -379,22 +367,22 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
426 | |
427 | Redirection | |
428 | ||
3c350007 JB |
429 | -* tee invocation:: Redirect output to multiple files or processes |
430 | +* tee:: Redirect output to multiple files or processes | |
a839fc2f JB |
431 | |
432 | File name manipulation | |
433 | ||
434 | -* basename invocation:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name | |
10c838b0 JB |
435 | -* dirname invocation:: Strip last file name component |
436 | -* pathchk invocation:: Check file name validity and portability | |
437 | -* mktemp invocation:: Create temporary file or directory | |
0ee46a86 | 438 | -* realpath invocation:: Print resolved file names |
a839fc2f | 439 | +* basename:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name |
10c838b0 JB |
440 | +* dirname:: Strip last file name component |
441 | +* pathchk:: Check file name validity and portability | |
442 | +* mktemp:: Create temporary file or directory | |
0ee46a86 | 443 | +* realpath:: Print resolved file names |
a839fc2f JB |
444 | |
445 | Working context | |
446 | ||
447 | -* pwd invocation:: Print working directory | |
448 | -* stty invocation:: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
449 | -* printenv invocation:: Print all or some environment variables | |
450 | -* tty invocation:: Print file name of terminal on standard input | |
451 | +* pwd:: Print working directory | |
452 | +* stty:: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
453 | +* printenv:: Print all or some environment variables | |
454 | +* tty:: Print file name of terminal on standard input | |
455 | ||
456 | @command{stty}: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
457 | ||
8127c87d | 458 | @@ -408,22 +396,20 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
459 | |
460 | User information | |
461 | ||
c2be74f0 | 462 | -* id invocation:: Print user identity |
a839fc2f | 463 | -* logname invocation:: Print current login name |
c2be74f0 | 464 | -* whoami invocation:: Print effective user ID |
a839fc2f JB |
465 | -* groups invocation:: Print group names a user is in |
466 | -* users invocation:: Print login names of users currently logged in | |
467 | -* who invocation:: Print who is currently logged in | |
c2be74f0 | 468 | +* id:: Print user identity |
a839fc2f | 469 | +* logname:: Print current login name |
c2be74f0 | 470 | +* whoami:: Print effective user ID |
fc53c102 | 471 | +* groups:: Print group names a user is in |
a839fc2f JB |
472 | +* users:: Print login names of users currently logged in |
473 | +* who:: Print who is currently logged in | |
474 | ||
475 | System context | |
476 | ||
3c350007 | 477 | -* arch invocation:: Print machine hardware name |
a839fc2f | 478 | -* date invocation:: Print or set system date and time |
10c838b0 | 479 | -* nproc invocation:: Print the number of processors |
a839fc2f JB |
480 | -* uname invocation:: Print system information |
481 | -* hostname invocation:: Print or set system name | |
10c838b0 JB |
482 | -* hostid invocation:: Print numeric host identifier |
483 | -* uptime invocation:: Print system uptime and load | |
3c350007 | 484 | +* arch:: Print machine hardware name |
a839fc2f | 485 | +* date:: Print or set system date and time |
10c838b0 | 486 | +* nproc:: Print the number of processors |
a839fc2f | 487 | +* uname:: Print system information |
3c350007 | 488 | +* hostid:: Print numeric host identifier |
a839fc2f JB |
489 | |
490 | @command{date}: Print or set system date and time | |
491 | ||
46145361 | 492 | @@ -438,31 +424,27 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
493 | |
494 | SELinux context | |
495 | ||
496 | -* chcon invocation:: Change SELinux context of file | |
497 | -* runcon invocation:: Run a command in specified SELinux context | |
498 | +* chcon:: Change SELinux context of file | |
499 | +* runcon:: Run a command in specified SELinux context | |
a839fc2f JB |
500 | |
501 | Modified command invocation | |
502 | ||
503 | -* chroot invocation:: Run a command with a different root directory | |
504 | -* env invocation:: Run a command in a modified environment | |
c2be74f0 | 505 | -* nice invocation:: Run a command with modified niceness |
a839fc2f | 506 | -* nohup invocation:: Run a command immune to hangups |
10c838b0 | 507 | -* stdbuf invocation:: Run a command with modified I/O buffering |
10c838b0 | 508 | -* timeout invocation:: Run a command with a time limit |
a839fc2f JB |
509 | - |
510 | -Process control | |
511 | - | |
512 | -* kill invocation:: Sending a signal to processes. | |
513 | +* chroot:: Run a command with a different root directory | |
514 | +* env:: Run a command in a modified environment | |
c2be74f0 | 515 | +* nice:: Run a command with modified niceness |
a839fc2f | 516 | +* nohup:: Run a command immune to hangups |
10c838b0 | 517 | +* stdbuf:: Run a command with modified I/O buffering |
10c838b0 | 518 | +* timeout:: Run a command with a time limit |
a839fc2f JB |
519 | |
520 | Delaying | |
521 | ||
522 | -* sleep invocation:: Delay for a specified time | |
523 | +* sleep:: Delay for a specified time | |
524 | ||
525 | Numeric operations | |
526 | ||
527 | -* factor invocation:: Print prime factors | |
46145361 | 528 | -* numfmt invocation:: Reformat numbers |
a839fc2f JB |
529 | -* seq invocation:: Print numeric sequences |
530 | +* factor:: Print prime factors | |
46145361 | 531 | +* numfmt:: Reformat numbers |
a839fc2f JB |
532 | +* seq:: Print numeric sequences |
533 | ||
534 | File permissions | |
535 | ||
46145361 | 536 | @@ -1557,15 +1539,15 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
537 | in some way. |
538 | ||
539 | @menu | |
540 | -* cat invocation:: Concatenate and write files. | |
541 | -* tac invocation:: Concatenate and write files in reverse. | |
542 | -* nl invocation:: Number lines and write files. | |
543 | -* od invocation:: Write files in octal or other formats. | |
46145361 | 544 | -* base32 invocation:: Transform data into printable data. |
c2be74f0 | 545 | -* base64 invocation:: Transform data into printable data. |
a839fc2f JB |
546 | +* cat:: Concatenate and write files. |
547 | +* tac:: Concatenate and write files in reverse. | |
548 | +* nl:: Number lines and write files. | |
549 | +* od:: Write files in octal or other formats. | |
46145361 | 550 | +* base32:: Transform data into printable data. |
c2be74f0 | 551 | +* base64:: Transform data into printable data. |
a839fc2f JB |
552 | @end menu |
553 | ||
554 | -@node cat invocation | |
555 | +@node cat | |
556 | @section @command{cat}: Concatenate and write files | |
557 | ||
558 | @pindex cat | |
46145361 | 559 | @@ -1666,7 +1648,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 560 | @end smallexample |
a839fc2f JB |
561 | |
562 | ||
563 | -@node tac invocation | |
564 | +@node tac | |
565 | @section @command{tac}: Concatenate and write files in reverse | |
566 | ||
567 | @pindex tac | |
46145361 | 568 | @@ -1724,7 +1706,7 @@ |
d51def31 | 569 | @end example |
a839fc2f JB |
570 | |
571 | ||
572 | -@node nl invocation | |
573 | +@node nl | |
574 | @section @command{nl}: Number lines and write files | |
575 | ||
576 | @pindex nl | |
46145361 | 577 | @@ -1887,7 +1869,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 578 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
579 | |
580 | ||
581 | -@node od invocation | |
582 | +@node od | |
583 | @section @command{od}: Write files in octal or other formats | |
584 | ||
585 | @pindex od | |
46145361 | 586 | @@ -2153,7 +2135,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
587 | @exitstatus |
588 | ||
46145361 JB |
589 | |
590 | -@node base32 invocation | |
591 | +@node base32 | |
592 | @section @command{base32}: Transform data into printable data | |
593 | ||
594 | @pindex base32 | |
595 | @@ -2163,10 +2145,10 @@ | |
596 | into (or from) base32 encoded form. The base32 encoded form uses | |
597 | printable ASCII characters to represent binary data. | |
598 | The usage and options of this command are precisely the | |
599 | -same as for @command{base64}. @xref{base64 invocation}. | |
600 | +same as for @command{base64}. @xref{base64}. | |
601 | ||
602 | ||
c2be74f0 JB |
603 | -@node base64 invocation |
604 | +@node base64 | |
10c838b0 | 605 | @section @command{base64}: Transform data into printable data |
c2be74f0 JB |
606 | |
607 | @pindex base64 | |
46145361 | 608 | @@ -2235,13 +2217,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
609 | These commands reformat the contents of files. |
610 | ||
611 | @menu | |
612 | -* fmt invocation:: Reformat paragraph text. | |
613 | -* pr invocation:: Paginate or columnate files for printing. | |
614 | -* fold invocation:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width. | |
615 | +* fmt:: Reformat paragraph text. | |
616 | +* pr:: Paginate or columnate files for printing. | |
617 | +* fold:: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width. | |
618 | @end menu | |
619 | ||
620 | ||
621 | -@node fmt invocation | |
622 | +@node fmt | |
623 | @section @command{fmt}: Reformat paragraph text | |
624 | ||
625 | @pindex fmt | |
46145361 | 626 | @@ -2345,7 +2327,7 @@ |
d51def31 | 627 | |
876a8767 | 628 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f | 629 | |
a839fc2f JB |
630 | -@node pr invocation |
631 | +@node pr | |
632 | @section @command{pr}: Paginate or columnate files for printing | |
633 | ||
634 | @pindex pr | |
46145361 | 635 | @@ -2455,7 +2437,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
636 | @cindex time formats |
637 | @cindex formatting times | |
638 | Format header dates using @var{format}, using the same conventions as | |
703a6c3b JB |
639 | -for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}. @xref{date invocation}. |
640 | +for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}. @xref{date}. | |
a839fc2f JB |
641 | Except for directives, which start with |
642 | @samp{%}, characters in @var{format} are printed unchanged. You can use | |
643 | this option to specify an arbitrary string in place of the header date, | |
46145361 | 644 | @@ -2685,7 +2667,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 645 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
646 | |
647 | ||
648 | -@node fold invocation | |
649 | +@node fold | |
650 | @section @command{fold}: Wrap input lines to fit in specified width | |
651 | ||
652 | @pindex fold | |
46145361 | 653 | @@ -2752,13 +2734,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
654 | These commands output pieces of the input. |
655 | ||
656 | @menu | |
657 | -* head invocation:: Output the first part of files. | |
658 | -* tail invocation:: Output the last part of files. | |
0d2793d8 | 659 | -* split invocation:: Split a file into pieces. |
a839fc2f JB |
660 | -* csplit invocation:: Split a file into context-determined pieces. |
661 | +* head:: Output the first part of files. | |
662 | +* tail:: Output the last part of files. | |
0d2793d8 | 663 | +* split:: Split a file into pieces. |
a839fc2f JB |
664 | +* csplit:: Split a file into context-determined pieces. |
665 | @end menu | |
666 | ||
667 | -@node head invocation | |
668 | +@node head | |
669 | @section @command{head}: Output the first part of files | |
670 | ||
671 | @pindex head | |
46145361 | 672 | @@ -2837,7 +2819,7 @@ |
876a8767 JB |
673 | @exitstatus |
674 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
675 | |
676 | -@node tail invocation | |
677 | +@node tail | |
678 | @section @command{tail}: Output the last part of files | |
679 | ||
680 | @pindex tail | |
46145361 | 681 | @@ -3087,7 +3069,7 @@ |
876a8767 JB |
682 | @exitstatus |
683 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
684 | |
685 | -@node split invocation | |
686 | +@node split | |
0d2793d8 | 687 | @section @command{split}: Split a file into pieces. |
a839fc2f JB |
688 | |
689 | @pindex split | |
46145361 | 690 | @@ -3336,7 +3318,7 @@ |
0d2793d8 | 691 | @end example |
a839fc2f JB |
692 | |
693 | ||
694 | -@node csplit invocation | |
695 | +@node csplit | |
696 | @section @command{csplit}: Split a file into context-determined pieces | |
697 | ||
698 | @pindex csplit | |
46145361 | 699 | @@ -3552,16 +3534,16 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
700 | contents of files. |
701 | ||
702 | @menu | |
876a8767 | 703 | -* wc invocation:: Print newline, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f JB |
704 | -* sum invocation:: Print checksum and block counts. |
705 | -* cksum invocation:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts. | |
c2be74f0 JB |
706 | -* md5sum invocation:: Print or check MD5 digests. |
707 | -* sha1sum invocation:: Print or check SHA-1 digests. | |
876a8767 | 708 | +* wc:: Print newline, word, and byte counts. |
a839fc2f JB |
709 | +* sum:: Print checksum and block counts. |
710 | +* cksum:: Print CRC checksum and byte counts. | |
c2be74f0 JB |
711 | +* md5sum:: Print or check MD5 digests. |
712 | +* sha1sum:: Print or check SHA-1 digests. | |
10c838b0 | 713 | * sha2 utilities:: Print or check SHA-2 digests. |
a839fc2f JB |
714 | @end menu |
715 | ||
716 | ||
717 | -@node wc invocation | |
718 | +@node wc | |
876a8767 | 719 | @section @command{wc}: Print newline, word, and byte counts |
a839fc2f JB |
720 | |
721 | @pindex wc | |
46145361 | 722 | @@ -3682,7 +3664,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 723 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
724 | |
725 | ||
726 | -@node sum invocation | |
727 | +@node sum | |
728 | @section @command{sum}: Print checksum and block counts | |
729 | ||
730 | @pindex sum | |
46145361 | 731 | @@ -3733,7 +3715,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 732 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
733 | |
734 | ||
735 | -@node cksum invocation | |
736 | +@node cksum | |
737 | @section @command{cksum}: Print CRC checksum and byte counts | |
738 | ||
739 | @pindex cksum | |
46145361 | 740 | @@ -3767,7 +3749,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 741 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
742 | |
743 | ||
744 | -@node md5sum invocation | |
745 | +@node md5sum | |
c2be74f0 | 746 | @section @command{md5sum}: Print or check MD5 digests |
a839fc2f JB |
747 | |
748 | @pindex md5sum | |
46145361 | 749 | @@ -3926,7 +3908,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
750 | @exitstatus |
751 | ||
752 | ||
753 | -@node sha1sum invocation | |
754 | +@node sha1sum | |
755 | @section @command{sha1sum}: Print or check SHA-1 digests | |
756 | ||
757 | @pindex sha1sum | |
46145361 | 758 | @@ -3938,7 +3920,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
759 | |
760 | @command{sha1sum} computes a 160-bit checksum for each specified | |
761 | @var{file}. The usage and options of this command are precisely the | |
762 | -same as for @command{md5sum}. @xref{md5sum invocation}. | |
763 | +same as for @command{md5sum}. @xref{md5sum}. | |
764 | ||
765 | Note: The SHA-1 digest is more secure than MD5, and no collisions of | |
766 | it are known (different files having the same fingerprint). However, | |
46145361 | 767 | @@ -3979,7 +3961,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 768 | collectively known as the SHA-2 hashes. The usage and options of |
46145361 JB |
769 | these commands are precisely the same as for @command{md5sum} |
770 | and @command{sha1sum}. | |
c2be74f0 JB |
771 | -@xref{md5sum invocation}. |
772 | +@xref{md5sum}. | |
773 | ||
46145361 JB |
774 | |
775 | @node Operating on sorted files | |
776 | @@ -3991,16 +3973,16 @@ | |
a839fc2f JB |
777 | These commands work with (or produce) sorted files. |
778 | ||
779 | @menu | |
780 | -* sort invocation:: Sort text files. | |
c2be74f0 | 781 | -* shuf invocation:: Shuffle text files. |
a839fc2f JB |
782 | -* uniq invocation:: Uniquify files. |
783 | -* comm invocation:: Compare two sorted files line by line. | |
784 | -* ptx invocation:: Produce a permuted index of file contents. | |
785 | -* tsort invocation:: Topological sort. | |
786 | +* sort:: Sort text files. | |
c2be74f0 | 787 | +* shuf:: Shuffle text files. |
a839fc2f JB |
788 | +* uniq:: Uniquify files. |
789 | +* comm:: Compare two sorted files line by line. | |
790 | +* ptx:: Produce a permuted index of file contents. | |
791 | +* tsort:: Topological sort. | |
a839fc2f JB |
792 | @end menu |
793 | ||
794 | ||
795 | -@node sort invocation | |
796 | +@node sort | |
797 | @section @command{sort}: Sort text files | |
798 | ||
799 | @pindex sort | |
46145361 | 800 | @@ -4290,7 +4272,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
801 | Sort by hashing the input keys and then sorting the hash values. |
802 | Choose the hash function at random, ensuring that it is free of | |
803 | collisions so that differing keys have differing hash values. This is | |
804 | -like a random permutation of the inputs (@pxref{shuf invocation}), | |
805 | +like a random permutation of the inputs (@pxref{shuf}), | |
806 | except that keys with the same value sort together. | |
807 | ||
808 | If multiple random sort fields are specified, the same random hash | |
46145361 | 809 | @@ -4478,7 +4460,7 @@ |
0d2793d8 JB |
810 | @var{n} is set to the number of available processors, but limited |
811 | to 8, as there are diminishing performance gains after that. | |
812 | Note also that using @var{n} threads increases the memory usage by | |
813 | -a factor of log @var{n}. Also see @ref{nproc invocation}. | |
814 | +a factor of log @var{n}. Also see @ref{nproc}. | |
dca140ed AM |
815 | |
816 | @item -u | |
817 | @itemx --unique | |
46145361 | 818 | @@ -4496,7 +4478,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
819 | this equivalence does not extend to arbitrary @command{sort} options. |
820 | For example, @code{sort -n -u} inspects only the value of the initial | |
821 | numeric string when checking for uniqueness, whereas @code{sort -n | | |
822 | -uniq} inspects the entire line. @xref{uniq invocation}. | |
823 | +uniq} inspects the entire line. @xref{uniq}. | |
824 | ||
8127c87d | 825 | @optZeroTerminated |
46145361 JB |
826 | @macro newlineFieldSeparator |
827 | @@ -4708,7 +4690,7 @@ | |
a839fc2f JB |
828 | @end itemize |
829 | ||
830 | ||
c2be74f0 JB |
831 | -@node shuf invocation |
832 | +@node shuf | |
833 | @section @command{shuf}: Shuffling text | |
834 | ||
835 | @pindex shuf | |
46145361 | 836 | @@ -4864,7 +4846,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
837 | @exitstatus |
838 | ||
839 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
840 | -@node uniq invocation |
841 | +@node uniq | |
842 | @section @command{uniq}: Uniquify files | |
843 | ||
844 | @pindex uniq | |
46145361 | 845 | @@ -4886,7 +4868,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
846 | The input need not be sorted, but repeated input lines are detected |
847 | only if they are adjacent. If you want to discard non-adjacent | |
848 | duplicate lines, perhaps you want to use @code{sort -u}. | |
849 | -@xref{sort invocation}. | |
850 | +@xref{sort}. | |
851 | ||
852 | @vindex LC_COLLATE | |
10c838b0 | 853 | Comparisons honor the rules specified by the @env{LC_COLLATE} |
46145361 | 854 | @@ -5050,7 +5032,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 855 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
856 | |
857 | ||
858 | -@node comm invocation | |
859 | +@node comm | |
860 | @section @command{comm}: Compare two sorted files line by line | |
861 | ||
862 | @pindex comm | |
46145361 | 863 | @@ -5134,7 +5116,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 864 | |
10c838b0 | 865 | @end table |
a839fc2f JB |
866 | |
867 | -@node ptx invocation | |
868 | +@node ptx | |
869 | @section @command{ptx}: Produce permuted indexes | |
870 | ||
871 | @pindex ptx | |
46145361 | 872 | @@ -5623,7 +5605,7 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
873 | @end itemize |
874 | ||
875 | ||
876 | -@node tsort invocation | |
877 | +@node tsort | |
878 | @section @command{tsort}: Topological sort | |
879 | ||
880 | @pindex tsort | |
46145361 | 881 | @@ -5785,13 +5767,13 @@ |
10c838b0 | 882 | @chapter Operating on fields |
a839fc2f JB |
883 | |
884 | @menu | |
885 | -* cut invocation:: Print selected parts of lines. | |
886 | -* paste invocation:: Merge lines of files. | |
887 | -* join invocation:: Join lines on a common field. | |
888 | +* cut:: Print selected parts of lines. | |
889 | +* paste:: Merge lines of files. | |
890 | +* join:: Join lines on a common field. | |
891 | @end menu | |
892 | ||
893 | ||
894 | -@node cut invocation | |
895 | +@node cut | |
896 | @section @command{cut}: Print selected parts of lines | |
897 | ||
898 | @pindex cut | |
46145361 | 899 | @@ -5913,7 +5895,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 900 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
901 | |
902 | ||
903 | -@node paste invocation | |
904 | +@node paste | |
905 | @section @command{paste}: Merge lines of files | |
906 | ||
907 | @pindex paste | |
46145361 | 908 | @@ -6011,7 +5993,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 909 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
910 | |
911 | ||
912 | -@node join invocation | |
913 | +@node join | |
914 | @section @command{join}: Join lines on a common field | |
915 | ||
916 | @pindex join | |
46145361 | 917 | @@ -6188,13 +6170,13 @@ |
8127c87d | 918 | These commands operate on individual characters. |
a839fc2f JB |
919 | |
920 | @menu | |
921 | -* tr invocation:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters. | |
922 | -* expand invocation:: Convert tabs to spaces. | |
923 | -* unexpand invocation:: Convert spaces to tabs. | |
924 | +* tr:: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters. | |
925 | +* expand:: Convert tabs to spaces. | |
926 | +* unexpand:: Convert spaces to tabs. | |
927 | @end menu | |
928 | ||
929 | ||
930 | -@node tr invocation | |
931 | +@node tr | |
932 | @section @command{tr}: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters | |
933 | ||
934 | @pindex tr | |
46145361 | 935 | @@ -6577,7 +6559,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 936 | @end itemize |
a839fc2f JB |
937 | |
938 | ||
939 | -@node expand invocation | |
940 | +@node expand | |
941 | @section @command{expand}: Convert tabs to spaces | |
942 | ||
943 | @pindex expand | |
46145361 | 944 | @@ -6630,7 +6612,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 945 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
946 | |
947 | ||
948 | -@node unexpand invocation | |
949 | +@node unexpand | |
950 | @section @command{unexpand}: Convert spaces to tabs | |
951 | ||
952 | @pindex unexpand | |
46145361 | 953 | @@ -6691,14 +6673,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
954 | and @command{vdir}, which list information about files. |
955 | ||
956 | @menu | |
957 | -* ls invocation:: List directory contents. | |
958 | -* dir invocation:: Briefly ls. | |
959 | -* vdir invocation:: Verbosely ls. | |
960 | -* dircolors invocation:: Color setup for ls, etc. | |
961 | +* ls:: List directory contents. | |
962 | +* dir:: Briefly ls. | |
963 | +* vdir:: Verbosely ls. | |
964 | +* dircolors:: Color setup for ls, etc. | |
965 | @end menu | |
966 | ||
967 | ||
968 | -@node ls invocation | |
969 | +@node ls | |
970 | @section @command{ls}: List directory contents | |
971 | ||
972 | @pindex ls | |
46145361 | 973 | @@ -7564,7 +7546,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
974 | @item +@var{format} |
975 | @vindex LC_TIME | |
976 | List timestamps using @var{format}, where @var{format} is interpreted | |
977 | -like the format argument of @command{date} (@pxref{date invocation}). | |
978 | +like the format argument of @command{date} (@pxref{date}). | |
fbb5b105 | 979 | For example, @option{--time-style="+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"} causes |
a839fc2f JB |
980 | @command{ls} to list timestamps like @samp{2002-03-30 23:45:56}. As |
981 | with @command{date}, @var{format}'s interpretation is affected by the | |
46145361 | 982 | @@ -7762,7 +7744,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
983 | @end table |
984 | ||
985 | ||
986 | -@node dir invocation | |
987 | +@node dir | |
988 | @section @command{dir}: Briefly list directory contents | |
989 | ||
990 | @pindex dir | |
46145361 | 991 | @@ -7772,10 +7754,10 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
992 | -b}; that is, by default files are listed in columns, sorted vertically, |
993 | and special characters are represented by backslash escape sequences. | |
994 | ||
995 | -@xref{ls invocation, @command{ls}}. | |
996 | +@xref{ls, @command{ls}}. | |
997 | ||
998 | ||
999 | -@node vdir invocation | |
1000 | +@node vdir | |
1001 | @section @command{vdir}: Verbosely list directory contents | |
1002 | ||
1003 | @pindex vdir | |
46145361 | 1004 | @@ -7785,9 +7767,9 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1005 | -b}; that is, by default files are listed in long format and special |
1006 | characters are represented by backslash escape sequences. | |
1007 | ||
46145361 JB |
1008 | -@xref{ls invocation, @command{ls}}. |
1009 | +@xref{ls, @command{ls}}. | |
1010 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1011 | -@node dircolors invocation |
1012 | +@node dircolors | |
fbb5b105 | 1013 | @section @command{dircolors}: Color setup for @command{ls} |
a839fc2f JB |
1014 | |
1015 | @pindex dircolors | |
46145361 | 1016 | @@ -7874,16 +7856,16 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1017 | copying, moving (renaming), and deleting (removing). |
1018 | ||
1019 | @menu | |
1020 | -* cp invocation:: Copy files. | |
1021 | -* dd invocation:: Convert and copy a file. | |
1022 | -* install invocation:: Copy files and set attributes. | |
1023 | -* mv invocation:: Move (rename) files. | |
1024 | -* rm invocation:: Remove files or directories. | |
1025 | -* shred invocation:: Remove files more securely. | |
1026 | +* cp:: Copy files. | |
1027 | +* dd:: Convert and copy a file. | |
1028 | +* install:: Copy files and set attributes. | |
1029 | +* mv:: Move (rename) files. | |
1030 | +* rm:: Remove files or directories. | |
1031 | +* shred:: Remove files more securely. | |
1032 | @end menu | |
1033 | ||
1034 | ||
1035 | -@node cp invocation | |
1036 | +@node cp | |
1037 | @section @command{cp}: Copy files and directories | |
1038 | ||
1039 | @pindex cp | |
46145361 | 1040 | @@ -8363,7 +8345,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1041 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1042 | |
1043 | ||
1044 | -@node dd invocation | |
1045 | +@node dd | |
1046 | @section @command{dd}: Convert and copy a file | |
1047 | ||
1048 | @pindex dd | |
46145361 | 1049 | @@ -8884,7 +8866,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1050 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1051 | |
1052 | ||
1053 | -@node install invocation | |
1054 | +@node install | |
1055 | @section @command{install}: Copy files and set attributes | |
1056 | ||
1057 | @pindex install | |
46145361 | 1058 | @@ -9066,7 +9048,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1059 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1060 | |
1061 | ||
1062 | -@node mv invocation | |
1063 | +@node mv | |
1064 | @section @command{mv}: Move (rename) files | |
1065 | ||
1066 | @pindex mv | |
46145361 | 1067 | @@ -9210,7 +9192,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1068 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1069 | |
1070 | ||
1071 | -@node rm invocation | |
1072 | +@node rm | |
1073 | @section @command{rm}: Remove files or directories | |
1074 | ||
1075 | @pindex rm | |
46145361 | 1076 | @@ -9373,7 +9355,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1077 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1078 | |
1079 | ||
1080 | -@node shred invocation | |
1081 | +@node shred | |
1082 | @section @command{shred}: Remove files more securely | |
1083 | ||
1084 | @pindex shred | |
46145361 | 1085 | @@ -9383,7 +9365,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1086 | @command{shred} overwrites devices or files, to help prevent even |
1087 | very expensive hardware from recovering the data. | |
1088 | ||
1089 | -Ordinarily when you remove a file (@pxref{rm invocation}), the data is | |
1090 | +Ordinarily when you remove a file (@pxref{rm}), the data is | |
1091 | not actually destroyed. Only the index listing where the file is | |
1092 | stored is destroyed, and the storage is made available for reuse. | |
1093 | There are undelete utilities that will attempt to reconstruct the index | |
46145361 | 1094 | @@ -9643,18 +9625,18 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1095 | (FIFOs), symbolic links, sockets, and so-called @dfn{special files}. |
1096 | ||
1097 | @menu | |
1098 | -* link invocation:: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
1099 | -* ln invocation:: Make links between files. | |
1100 | -* mkdir invocation:: Make directories. | |
1101 | -* mkfifo invocation:: Make FIFOs (named pipes). | |
1102 | -* mknod invocation:: Make block or character special files. | |
10c838b0 | 1103 | -* readlink invocation:: Print value of a symlink or canonical file name. |
a839fc2f JB |
1104 | -* rmdir invocation:: Remove empty directories. |
1105 | -* unlink invocation:: Remove files via the unlink syscall | |
46145361 JB |
1106 | +* link:: Make a hard link via the link syscall |
1107 | +* ln:: Make links between files. | |
1108 | +* mkdir:: Make directories. | |
1109 | +* mkfifo:: Make FIFOs (named pipes). | |
1110 | +* mknod:: Make block or character special files. | |
1111 | +* readlink:: Print value of a symlink or canonical file name. | |
1112 | +* rmdir:: Remove empty directories. | |
1113 | +* unlink:: Remove files via the unlink syscall | |
a839fc2f JB |
1114 | @end menu |
1115 | ||
1116 | ||
1117 | -@node link invocation | |
1118 | +@node link | |
1119 | @section @command{link}: Make a hard link via the link syscall | |
1120 | ||
1121 | @pindex link | |
46145361 | 1122 | @@ -9667,7 +9649,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
1123 | @code{link} function. @xref{Hard Links, , , libc, |
1124 | The GNU C Library Reference Manual}. | |
1125 | It avoids the bells and whistles of the more commonly-used | |
1126 | -@command{ln} command (@pxref{ln invocation}). | |
1127 | +@command{ln} command (@pxref{ln}). | |
1128 | Synopsis: | |
1129 | ||
1130 | @example | |
46145361 | 1131 | @@ -9693,7 +9675,7 @@ |
876a8767 JB |
1132 | @exitstatus |
1133 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1134 | |
1135 | -@node ln invocation | |
1136 | +@node ln | |
1137 | @section @command{ln}: Make links between files | |
1138 | ||
1139 | @pindex ln | |
46145361 | 1140 | @@ -9877,7 +9859,7 @@ |
74811ba6 | 1141 | Relative symbolic links are generated based on their canonicalized |
46145361 | 1142 | containing directory, and canonicalized targets. I.e., all symbolic |
74811ba6 | 1143 | links in these file names will be resolved. |
703a6c3b JB |
1144 | -@xref{realpath invocation}, which gives greater control |
1145 | +@xref{realpath}, which gives greater control | |
74811ba6 | 1146 | over relative file name generation, as demonstrated in the following example: |
703a6c3b | 1147 | |
74811ba6 | 1148 | @example |
46145361 | 1149 | @@ -9954,7 +9936,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 1150 | @end smallexample |
a839fc2f JB |
1151 | |
1152 | ||
1153 | -@node mkdir invocation | |
1154 | +@node mkdir | |
1155 | @section @command{mkdir}: Make directories | |
1156 | ||
1157 | @pindex mkdir | |
46145361 | 1158 | @@ -10027,7 +10009,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1159 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1160 | |
1161 | ||
1162 | -@node mkfifo invocation | |
1163 | +@node mkfifo | |
1164 | @section @command{mkfifo}: Make FIFOs (named pipes) | |
1165 | ||
1166 | @pindex mkfifo | |
46145361 | 1167 | @@ -10068,7 +10050,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1168 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1169 | |
1170 | ||
1171 | -@node mknod invocation | |
1172 | +@node mknod | |
1173 | @section @command{mknod}: Make block or character special files | |
1174 | ||
1175 | @pindex mknod | |
46145361 | 1176 | @@ -10145,7 +10127,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1177 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1178 | |
1179 | ||
fbb5b105 JB |
1180 | -@node readlink invocation |
1181 | +@node readlink | |
10c838b0 | 1182 | @section @command{readlink}: Print value of a symlink or canonical file name |
fbb5b105 JB |
1183 | |
1184 | @pindex readlink | |
46145361 | 1185 | @@ -10243,7 +10225,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1186 | @exitstatus |
fbb5b105 JB |
1187 | |
1188 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1189 | -@node rmdir invocation |
1190 | +@node rmdir | |
1191 | @section @command{rmdir}: Remove empty directories | |
1192 | ||
1193 | @pindex rmdir | |
46145361 | 1194 | @@ -10291,12 +10273,12 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1195 | |
1196 | @end table | |
1197 | ||
1198 | -@xref{rm invocation}, for how to remove non-empty directories (recursively). | |
1199 | +@xref{rm}, for how to remove non-empty directories (recursively). | |
1200 | ||
876a8767 JB |
1201 | @exitstatus |
1202 | ||
1203 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1204 | -@node unlink invocation |
1205 | +@node unlink | |
1206 | @section @command{unlink}: Remove files via the unlink syscall | |
1207 | ||
1208 | @pindex unlink | |
46145361 | 1209 | @@ -10307,7 +10289,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
1210 | @code{unlink} function. @xref{Deleting Files, , , libc, |
1211 | The GNU C Library Reference Manual}. Synopsis: | |
1212 | It avoids the bells and whistles of the more commonly-used | |
1213 | -@command{rm} command (@pxref{rm invocation}). | |
1214 | +@command{rm} command (@pxref{rm}). | |
1215 | ||
1216 | @example | |
1217 | unlink @var{filename} | |
46145361 | 1218 | @@ -10341,14 +10323,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1219 | These commands change file attributes. |
1220 | ||
1221 | @menu | |
703a6c3b | 1222 | -* chown invocation:: Change file owners and groups. |
a839fc2f JB |
1223 | -* chgrp invocation:: Change file groups. |
1224 | -* chmod invocation:: Change access permissions. | |
a839fc2f | 1225 | -* touch invocation:: Change file timestamps. |
703a6c3b | 1226 | +* chown:: Change file owners and groups. |
a839fc2f JB |
1227 | +* chgrp:: Change file groups. |
1228 | +* chmod:: Change access permissions. | |
a839fc2f JB |
1229 | +* touch:: Change file timestamps. |
1230 | @end menu | |
1231 | ||
1232 | ||
1233 | -@node chown invocation | |
1234 | +@node chown | |
1235 | @section @command{chown}: Change file owner and group | |
1236 | ||
1237 | @pindex chown | |
46145361 | 1238 | @@ -10573,7 +10555,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 1239 | @end smallexample |
a839fc2f JB |
1240 | |
1241 | ||
1242 | -@node chgrp invocation | |
1243 | +@node chgrp | |
1244 | @section @command{chgrp}: Change group ownership | |
1245 | ||
1246 | @pindex chgrp | |
46145361 | 1247 | @@ -10582,7 +10564,7 @@ |
8127c87d JB |
1248 | |
1249 | @command{chgrp} changes the group ownership of each given @var{file} | |
1250 | to @var{group} (which can be either a group name or a numeric group ID) | |
1251 | -or to the group of an existing reference file. @xref{chown invocation}. | |
1252 | +or to the group of an existing reference file. @xref{chown}. | |
1253 | Synopsis: | |
1254 | ||
1255 | @example | |
46145361 | 1256 | @@ -10699,7 +10681,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 1257 | @end smallexample |
a839fc2f JB |
1258 | |
1259 | ||
1260 | -@node chmod invocation | |
1261 | +@node chmod | |
1262 | @section @command{chmod}: Change access permissions | |
1263 | ||
1264 | @pindex chmod | |
46145361 | 1265 | @@ -10799,7 +10781,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1266 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1267 | |
1268 | ||
1269 | -@node touch invocation | |
1270 | +@node touch | |
1271 | @section @command{touch}: Change file timestamps | |
1272 | ||
1273 | @pindex touch | |
46145361 | 1274 | @@ -11006,15 +10988,15 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 1275 | file status information, and write buffers to disk. |
a839fc2f JB |
1276 | |
1277 | @menu | |
c2be74f0 | 1278 | -* df invocation:: Report file system disk space usage. |
a839fc2f | 1279 | -* du invocation:: Estimate file space usage. |
c2be74f0 | 1280 | -* stat invocation:: Report file or file system status. |
46145361 | 1281 | -* sync invocation:: Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage. |
10c838b0 | 1282 | -* truncate invocation:: Shrink or extend the size of a file. |
c2be74f0 | 1283 | +* df:: Report file system disk space usage. |
a839fc2f | 1284 | +* du:: Estimate file space usage. |
c2be74f0 | 1285 | +* stat:: Report file or file system status. |
46145361 | 1286 | +* sync:: Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage. |
10c838b0 | 1287 | +* truncate:: Shrink or extend the size of a file. |
a839fc2f JB |
1288 | @end menu |
1289 | ||
1290 | ||
1291 | -@node df invocation | |
1292 | +@node df | |
c2be74f0 | 1293 | @section @command{df}: Report file system disk space usage |
a839fc2f JB |
1294 | |
1295 | @pindex df | |
46145361 | 1296 | @@ -11322,7 +11304,7 @@ |
703a6c3b | 1297 | or @option{-x} is used together with a file name argument. |
a839fc2f JB |
1298 | |
1299 | ||
1300 | -@node du invocation | |
1301 | +@node du | |
1302 | @section @command{du}: Estimate file space usage | |
1303 | ||
1304 | @pindex du | |
46145361 | 1305 | @@ -11579,7 +11561,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
1306 | @item +@var{format} |
1307 | @vindex LC_TIME | |
1308 | List timestamps using @var{format}, where @var{format} is interpreted | |
1309 | -like the format argument of @command{date} (@pxref{date invocation}). | |
1310 | +like the format argument of @command{date} (@pxref{date}). | |
1311 | For example, @option{--time-style="+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"} causes | |
1312 | @command{du} to list timestamps like @samp{2002-03-30 23:45:56}. As | |
1313 | with @command{date}, @var{format}'s interpretation is affected by the | |
46145361 | 1314 | @@ -11647,7 +11629,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1315 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1316 | |
1317 | ||
1318 | -@node stat invocation | |
1319 | +@node stat | |
c2be74f0 | 1320 | @section @command{stat}: Report file or file system status |
a839fc2f JB |
1321 | |
1322 | @pindex stat | |
46145361 | 1323 | @@ -11855,7 +11837,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1324 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1325 | |
1326 | ||
1327 | -@node sync invocation | |
1328 | +@node sync | |
46145361 | 1329 | @section @command{sync}: Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage |
a839fc2f JB |
1330 | |
1331 | @pindex sync | |
46145361 | 1332 | @@ -11914,7 +11896,7 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1333 | @exitstatus |
1334 | ||
1335 | ||
1336 | -@node truncate invocation | |
1337 | +@node truncate | |
1338 | @section @command{truncate}: Shrink or extend the size of a file | |
1339 | ||
1340 | @pindex truncate | |
46145361 | 1341 | @@ -11991,13 +11973,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1342 | This section describes commands that display text strings. |
1343 | ||
1344 | @menu | |
1345 | -* echo invocation:: Print a line of text. | |
1346 | -* printf invocation:: Format and print data. | |
1347 | -* yes invocation:: Print a string until interrupted. | |
1348 | +* echo:: Print a line of text. | |
1349 | +* printf:: Format and print data. | |
1350 | +* yes:: Print a string until interrupted. | |
1351 | @end menu | |
1352 | ||
1353 | ||
1354 | -@node echo invocation | |
1355 | +@node echo | |
1356 | @section @command{echo}: Print a line of text | |
1357 | ||
1358 | @pindex echo | |
46145361 | 1359 | @@ -12086,12 +12068,12 @@ |
c2be74f0 JB |
1360 | @var{string} contains a backslash or if the first argument is |
1361 | @option{-n}. Portable programs can use the @command{printf} command | |
1362 | if they need to omit trailing newlines or output control characters or | |
1363 | -backslashes. @xref{printf invocation}. | |
1364 | +backslashes. @xref{printf}. | |
1365 | ||
876a8767 | 1366 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1367 | |
1368 | ||
1369 | -@node printf invocation | |
1370 | +@node printf | |
1371 | @section @command{printf}: Format and print data | |
1372 | ||
1373 | @pindex printf | |
46145361 | 1374 | @@ -12253,7 +12235,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1375 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1376 | |
1377 | ||
1378 | -@node yes invocation | |
1379 | +@node yes | |
1380 | @section @command{yes}: Print a string until interrupted | |
1381 | ||
1382 | @pindex yes | |
46145361 | 1383 | @@ -12284,14 +12266,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1384 | pipeline. |
1385 | ||
1386 | @menu | |
1387 | -* false invocation:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully. | |
1388 | -* true invocation:: Do nothing, successfully. | |
1389 | -* test invocation:: Check file types and compare values. | |
1390 | -* expr invocation:: Evaluate expressions. | |
1391 | +* false:: Do nothing, unsuccessfully. | |
1392 | +* true:: Do nothing, successfully. | |
1393 | +* test:: Check file types and compare values. | |
1394 | +* expr:: Evaluate expressions. | |
1395 | @end menu | |
1396 | ||
1397 | ||
1398 | -@node false invocation | |
1399 | +@node false | |
1400 | @section @command{false}: Do nothing, unsuccessfully | |
1401 | ||
1402 | @pindex false | |
46145361 | 1403 | @@ -12321,7 +12303,7 @@ |
fd7af4a7 | 1404 | non-GNU hosts. |
a839fc2f JB |
1405 | |
1406 | ||
1407 | -@node true invocation | |
1408 | +@node true | |
1409 | @section @command{true}: Do nothing, successfully | |
1410 | ||
1411 | @pindex true | |
46145361 | 1412 | @@ -12357,7 +12339,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1413 | more secure and faster than a shell script implementation, and may safely |
1414 | be used as a dummy shell for the purpose of disabling accounts. | |
1415 | ||
1416 | -@node test invocation | |
1417 | +@node test | |
1418 | @section @command{test}: Check file types and compare values | |
1419 | ||
1420 | @pindex test | |
46145361 | 1421 | @@ -12720,7 +12702,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1422 | @end table |
1423 | ||
1424 | ||
1425 | -@node expr invocation | |
1426 | +@node expr | |
1427 | @section @command{expr}: Evaluate expressions | |
1428 | ||
1429 | @pindex expr | |
46145361 | 1430 | @@ -12997,11 +12979,11 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1431 | it's described here. |
1432 | ||
1433 | @menu | |
3c350007 JB |
1434 | -* tee invocation:: Redirect output to multiple files or processes. |
1435 | +* tee:: Redirect output to multiple files or processes. | |
a839fc2f JB |
1436 | @end menu |
1437 | ||
1438 | ||
1439 | -@node tee invocation | |
1440 | +@node tee | |
3c350007 | 1441 | @section @command{tee}: Redirect output to multiple files or processes |
a839fc2f JB |
1442 | |
1443 | @pindex tee | |
46145361 | 1444 | @@ -13208,15 +13190,15 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1445 | This section describes commands that manipulate file names. |
1446 | ||
1447 | @menu | |
1448 | -* basename invocation:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name. | |
10c838b0 JB |
1449 | -* dirname invocation:: Strip last file name component. |
1450 | -* pathchk invocation:: Check file name validity and portability. | |
1451 | -* mktemp invocation:: Create temporary file or directory. | |
0ee46a86 | 1452 | -* realpath invocation:: Print resolved file names. |
a839fc2f | 1453 | +* basename:: Strip directory and suffix from a file name. |
10c838b0 JB |
1454 | +* dirname:: Strip last file name component. |
1455 | +* pathchk:: Check file name validity and portability. | |
1456 | +* mktemp:: Create temporary file or directory. | |
0ee46a86 | 1457 | +* realpath:: Print resolved file names. |
a839fc2f JB |
1458 | @end menu |
1459 | ||
1460 | ||
1461 | -@node basename invocation | |
1462 | +@node basename | |
fbb5b105 | 1463 | @section @command{basename}: Strip directory and suffix from a file name |
a839fc2f JB |
1464 | |
1465 | @pindex basename | |
46145361 | 1466 | @@ -13298,7 +13280,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 1467 | @end smallexample |
a839fc2f JB |
1468 | |
1469 | ||
1470 | -@node dirname invocation | |
1471 | +@node dirname | |
10c838b0 | 1472 | @section @command{dirname}: Strip last file name component |
a839fc2f JB |
1473 | |
1474 | @pindex dirname | |
46145361 | 1475 | @@ -13351,7 +13333,7 @@ |
c2be74f0 | 1476 | @end smallexample |
a839fc2f JB |
1477 | |
1478 | ||
1479 | -@node pathchk invocation | |
1480 | +@node pathchk | |
10c838b0 | 1481 | @section @command{pathchk}: Check file name validity and portability |
a839fc2f JB |
1482 | |
1483 | @pindex pathchk | |
46145361 | 1484 | @@ -13427,7 +13409,7 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1485 | 1 otherwise. |
1486 | @end display | |
1487 | ||
1488 | -@node mktemp invocation | |
1489 | +@node mktemp | |
1490 | @section @command{mktemp}: Create temporary file or directory | |
1491 | ||
1492 | @pindex mktemp | |
46145361 | 1493 | @@ -13602,7 +13584,7 @@ |
703a6c3b JB |
1494 | @end display |
1495 | ||
1496 | ||
1497 | -@node realpath invocation | |
1498 | +@node realpath | |
1499 | @section @command{realpath}: Print the resolved file name. | |
1500 | ||
1501 | @pindex realpath | |
46145361 | 1502 | @@ -13726,14 +13708,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1503 | so forth. See also the user-related commands in the next section. |
1504 | ||
1505 | @menu | |
1506 | -* pwd invocation:: Print working directory. | |
1507 | -* stty invocation:: Print or change terminal characteristics. | |
1508 | -* printenv invocation:: Print environment variables. | |
1509 | -* tty invocation:: Print file name of terminal on standard input. | |
1510 | +* pwd:: Print working directory. | |
1511 | +* stty:: Print or change terminal characteristics. | |
1512 | +* printenv:: Print environment variables. | |
1513 | +* tty:: Print file name of terminal on standard input. | |
1514 | @end menu | |
1515 | ||
1516 | ||
1517 | -@node pwd invocation | |
1518 | +@node pwd | |
1519 | @section @command{pwd}: Print working directory | |
1520 | ||
1521 | @pindex pwd | |
46145361 | 1522 | @@ -13780,7 +13762,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1523 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1524 | |
1525 | ||
1526 | -@node stty invocation | |
1527 | +@node stty | |
1528 | @section @command{stty}: Print or change terminal characteristics | |
1529 | ||
1530 | @pindex stty | |
46145361 | 1531 | @@ -14522,7 +14504,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1532 | @end table |
1533 | ||
1534 | ||
1535 | -@node printenv invocation | |
1536 | +@node printenv | |
1537 | @section @command{printenv}: Print all or some environment variables | |
1538 | ||
1539 | @pindex printenv | |
46145361 | 1540 | @@ -14557,7 +14539,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1541 | @end display |
1542 | ||
1543 | ||
1544 | -@node tty invocation | |
1545 | +@node tty | |
1546 | @section @command{tty}: Print file name of terminal on standard input | |
1547 | ||
1548 | @pindex tty | |
46145361 | 1549 | @@ -14607,16 +14589,16 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1550 | logins, groups, and so forth. |
1551 | ||
1552 | @menu | |
c2be74f0 | 1553 | -* id invocation:: Print user identity. |
a839fc2f | 1554 | -* logname invocation:: Print current login name. |
c2be74f0 | 1555 | -* whoami invocation:: Print effective user ID. |
a839fc2f JB |
1556 | -* groups invocation:: Print group names a user is in. |
1557 | -* users invocation:: Print login names of users currently logged in. | |
1558 | -* who invocation:: Print who is currently logged in. | |
c2be74f0 | 1559 | +* id:: Print user identity. |
a839fc2f | 1560 | +* logname:: Print current login name. |
c2be74f0 | 1561 | +* whoami:: Print effective user ID. |
fc53c102 | 1562 | +* groups:: Print group names a user is in. |
a839fc2f JB |
1563 | +* users:: Print login names of users currently logged in. |
1564 | +* who:: Print who is currently logged in. | |
1565 | @end menu | |
1566 | ||
1567 | ||
1568 | -@node id invocation | |
1569 | +@node id | |
c2be74f0 | 1570 | @section @command{id}: Print user identity |
a839fc2f JB |
1571 | |
1572 | @pindex id | |
46145361 | 1573 | @@ -14720,7 +14702,7 @@ |
74811ba6 JB |
1574 | |
1575 | @exitstatus | |
a839fc2f JB |
1576 | |
1577 | -@node logname invocation | |
1578 | +@node logname | |
1579 | @section @command{logname}: Print current login name | |
1580 | ||
1581 | @pindex logname | |
46145361 | 1582 | @@ -14741,7 +14723,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1583 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1584 | |
1585 | ||
1586 | -@node whoami invocation | |
1587 | +@node whoami | |
c2be74f0 | 1588 | @section @command{whoami}: Print effective user ID |
a839fc2f JB |
1589 | |
1590 | @pindex whoami | |
46145361 | 1591 | @@ -14757,7 +14739,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1592 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1593 | |
1594 | ||
1595 | -@node groups invocation | |
fc53c102 JB |
1596 | +@node groups |
1597 | @section @command{groups}: Print group names a user is in | |
1598 | ||
1599 | @pindex groups | |
46145361 | 1600 | @@ -14784,7 +14766,7 @@ |
fc53c102 | 1601 | |
74811ba6 | 1602 | @exitstatus |
fc53c102 | 1603 | |
a839fc2f JB |
1604 | -@node users invocation |
1605 | +@node users | |
1606 | @section @command{users}: Print login names of users currently logged in | |
1607 | ||
1608 | @pindex users | |
46145361 | 1609 | @@ -14819,7 +14801,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1610 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f JB |
1611 | |
1612 | ||
1613 | -@node who invocation | |
1614 | +@node who | |
1615 | @section @command{who}: Print who is currently logged in | |
1616 | ||
1617 | @pindex who | |
46145361 | 1618 | @@ -14982,16 +14964,14 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1619 | information. |
1620 | ||
1621 | @menu | |
1622 | -* date invocation:: Print or set system date and time. | |
10c838b0 JB |
1623 | -* arch invocation:: Print machine hardware name. |
1624 | -* nproc invocation:: Print the number of processors. | |
a839fc2f JB |
1625 | -* uname invocation:: Print system information. |
1626 | -* hostname invocation:: Print or set system name. | |
1627 | -* hostid invocation:: Print numeric host identifier. | |
10c838b0 | 1628 | -* uptime invocation:: Print system uptime and load. |
46145361 JB |
1629 | +* date:: Print or set system date and time. |
1630 | +* arch:: Print machine hardware name. | |
1631 | +* nproc:: Print the number of processors. | |
1632 | +* uname:: Print system information. | |
1633 | +* hostid:: Print numeric host identifier. | |
a839fc2f JB |
1634 | @end menu |
1635 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1636 | -@node date invocation |
1637 | +@node date | |
1638 | @section @command{date}: Print or set system date and time | |
1639 | ||
1640 | @pindex date | |
46145361 | 1641 | @@ -15688,7 +15668,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1642 | @end itemize |
1643 | ||
1644 | ||
3c350007 JB |
1645 | -@node arch invocation |
1646 | +@node arch | |
1647 | @section @command{arch}: Print machine hardware name | |
1648 | ||
1649 | @pindex arch | |
46145361 | 1650 | @@ -15711,7 +15691,7 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1651 | @exitstatus |
1652 | ||
1653 | ||
1654 | -@node nproc invocation | |
1655 | +@node nproc | |
1656 | @section @command{nproc}: Print the number of available processors | |
1657 | ||
1658 | @pindex nproc | |
46145361 | 1659 | @@ -15748,7 +15728,7 @@ |
3c350007 JB |
1660 | @exitstatus |
1661 | ||
1662 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1663 | -@node uname invocation |
1664 | +@node uname | |
1665 | @section @command{uname}: Print system information | |
1666 | ||
1667 | @pindex uname | |
46145361 | 1668 | @@ -15878,35 +15858,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1669 | @exitstatus |
a839fc2f | 1670 | |
a839fc2f JB |
1671 | |
1672 | -@node hostname invocation | |
1673 | -@section @command{hostname}: Print or set system name | |
1674 | - | |
1675 | -@pindex hostname | |
1676 | -@cindex setting the hostname | |
1677 | -@cindex printing the hostname | |
1678 | -@cindex system name, printing | |
1679 | -@cindex appropriate privileges | |
1680 | - | |
1681 | -With no arguments, @command{hostname} prints the name of the current host | |
1682 | -system. With one argument, it sets the current host name to the | |
1683 | -specified string. You must have appropriate privileges to set the host | |
c2be74f0 | 1684 | -name. Synopsis: |
a839fc2f JB |
1685 | - |
1686 | -@example | |
1687 | -hostname [@var{name}] | |
1688 | -@end example | |
1689 | - | |
1690 | -The only options are @option{--help} and @option{--version}. @xref{Common | |
1691 | -options}. | |
1692 | - | |
46145361 JB |
1693 | -@command{hostname} is not installed by default, and other packages |
1694 | -also supply a @command{hostname} command, so portable scripts should | |
1695 | -not rely on its existence or on the exact behavior documented above. | |
1696 | - | |
876a8767 JB |
1697 | -@exitstatus |
1698 | - | |
a839fc2f JB |
1699 | - |
1700 | -@node hostid invocation | |
1701 | +@node hostid | |
10c838b0 | 1702 | @section @command{hostid}: Print numeric host identifier |
a839fc2f JB |
1703 | |
1704 | @pindex hostid | |
46145361 | 1705 | @@ -15934,44 +15886,6 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1706 | |
1707 | @exitstatus | |
1708 | ||
1709 | -@node uptime invocation | |
1710 | -@section @command{uptime}: Print system uptime and load | |
1711 | - | |
1712 | -@pindex uptime | |
1713 | -@cindex printing the system uptime and load | |
1714 | - | |
1715 | -@command{uptime} prints the current time, the system's uptime, the | |
1716 | -number of logged-in users and the current load average. | |
1717 | - | |
1718 | -If an argument is specified, it is used as the file to be read | |
1719 | -to discover how many users are logged in. If no argument is | |
1720 | -specified, a system default is used (@command{uptime --help} indicates | |
1721 | -the default setting). | |
1722 | - | |
1723 | -The only options are @option{--help} and @option{--version}. | |
1724 | -@xref{Common options}. | |
1725 | - | |
1726 | -For example, here's what it prints right now on one system I use: | |
1727 | - | |
1728 | -@example | |
1729 | -$ uptime | |
1730 | - 14:07 up 3:35, 3 users, load average: 1.39, 1.15, 1.04 | |
1731 | -@end example | |
1732 | - | |
1733 | -The precise method of calculation of load average varies somewhat | |
1734 | -between systems. Some systems calculate it as the average number of | |
1735 | -runnable processes over the last 1, 5 and 15 minutes, but some systems | |
1736 | -also include processes in the uninterruptible sleep state (that is, | |
1737 | -those processes which are waiting for disk I/O). The Linux kernel | |
1738 | -includes uninterruptible processes. | |
46145361 JB |
1739 | - |
1740 | -@command{uptime} is installed only on platforms with infrastructure | |
1741 | -for obtaining the boot time, and other packages also supply an | |
1742 | -@command{uptime} command, so portable scripts should not rely on its | |
1743 | -existence or on the exact behavior documented above. | |
1744 | - | |
1745 | -@exitstatus | |
10c838b0 JB |
1746 | - |
1747 | @node SELinux context | |
1748 | @chapter SELinux context | |
1749 | ||
46145361 | 1750 | @@ -15983,11 +15897,11 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1751 | contexts. |
1752 | ||
1753 | @menu | |
1754 | -* chcon invocation:: Change SELinux context of file | |
1755 | -* runcon invocation:: Run a command in specified SELinux context | |
1756 | +* chcon:: Change SELinux context of file | |
1757 | +* runcon:: Run a command in specified SELinux context | |
1758 | @end menu | |
1759 | ||
1760 | -@node chcon invocation | |
1761 | +@node chcon | |
1762 | @section @command{chcon}: Change SELinux context of file | |
1763 | ||
1764 | @pindex chcon | |
46145361 | 1765 | @@ -16090,7 +16004,7 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1766 | |
1767 | @exitstatus | |
1768 | ||
1769 | -@node runcon invocation | |
1770 | +@node runcon | |
1771 | @section @command{runcon}: Run a command in specified SELinux context | |
1772 | ||
1773 | @pindex runcon | |
46145361 | 1774 | @@ -16175,16 +16089,16 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1775 | user, etc. |
1776 | ||
1777 | @menu | |
1778 | -* chroot invocation:: Modify the root directory. | |
1779 | -* env invocation:: Modify environment variables. | |
c2be74f0 | 1780 | -* nice invocation:: Modify niceness. |
a839fc2f | 1781 | -* nohup invocation:: Immunize to hangups. |
10c838b0 | 1782 | -* stdbuf invocation:: Modify buffering of standard streams. |
10c838b0 | 1783 | -* timeout invocation:: Run with time limit. |
a839fc2f JB |
1784 | +* chroot:: Modify the root directory. |
1785 | +* env:: Modify environment variables. | |
c2be74f0 | 1786 | +* nice:: Modify niceness. |
a839fc2f | 1787 | +* nohup:: Immunize to hangups. |
10c838b0 | 1788 | +* stdbuf:: Modify buffering of standard streams. |
10c838b0 | 1789 | +* timeout:: Run with time limit. |
a839fc2f JB |
1790 | @end menu |
1791 | ||
1792 | ||
1793 | -@node chroot invocation | |
1794 | +@node chroot | |
1795 | @section @command{chroot}: Run a command with a different root directory | |
1796 | ||
1797 | @pindex chroot | |
46145361 | 1798 | @@ -16300,7 +16214,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1799 | @end display |
a839fc2f JB |
1800 | |
1801 | ||
1802 | -@node env invocation | |
1803 | +@node env | |
1804 | @section @command{env}: Run a command in a modified environment | |
1805 | ||
1806 | @pindex env | |
46145361 | 1807 | @@ -16450,7 +16364,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1808 | @end display |
a839fc2f JB |
1809 | |
1810 | ||
1811 | -@node nice invocation | |
1812 | +@node nice | |
c2be74f0 | 1813 | @section @command{nice}: Run a command with modified niceness |
a839fc2f JB |
1814 | |
1815 | @pindex nice | |
46145361 | 1816 | @@ -16581,7 +16495,7 @@ |
876a8767 | 1817 | @end example |
a839fc2f JB |
1818 | |
1819 | ||
1820 | -@node nohup invocation | |
1821 | +@node nohup | |
1822 | @section @command{nohup}: Run a command immune to hangups | |
1823 | ||
1824 | @pindex nohup | |
46145361 | 1825 | @@ -16655,7 +16569,7 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1826 | instead of 125. |
1827 | ||
1828 | ||
1829 | -@node stdbuf invocation | |
1830 | +@node stdbuf | |
1831 | @section @command{stdbuf}: Run a command with modified I/O stream buffering | |
1832 | ||
1833 | @pindex stdbuf | |
46145361 | 1834 | @@ -16749,7 +16663,7 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1835 | @end display |
1836 | ||
1837 | ||
10c838b0 JB |
1838 | -@node timeout invocation |
1839 | +@node timeout | |
1840 | @section @command{timeout}: Run a command with a time limit | |
1841 | ||
1842 | @pindex timeout | |
46145361 | 1843 | @@ -16839,90 +16753,6 @@ |
10c838b0 JB |
1844 | @end display |
1845 | ||
1846 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1847 | -@node Process control |
1848 | -@chapter Process control | |
1849 | - | |
1850 | -@cindex processes, commands for controlling | |
1851 | -@cindex commands for controlling processes | |
1852 | - | |
1853 | -@menu | |
1854 | -* kill invocation:: Sending a signal to processes. | |
1855 | -@end menu | |
1856 | - | |
1857 | - | |
1858 | -@node kill invocation | |
1859 | -@section @command{kill}: Send a signal to processes | |
1860 | - | |
1861 | -@pindex kill | |
1862 | -@cindex send a signal to processes | |
1863 | - | |
1864 | -The @command{kill} command sends a signal to processes, causing them | |
1865 | -to terminate or otherwise act upon receiving the signal in some way. | |
1866 | -Alternatively, it lists information about signals. Synopses: | |
1867 | - | |
1868 | -@example | |
1869 | -kill [-s @var{signal} | --signal @var{signal} | -@var{signal}] @var{pid}@dots{} | |
1870 | -kill [-l | --list | -t | --table] [@var{signal}]@dots{} | |
1871 | -@end example | |
1872 | - | |
10c838b0 JB |
1873 | -@mayConflictWithShellBuiltIn{kill} |
1874 | - | |
a839fc2f JB |
1875 | -The first form of the @command{kill} command sends a signal to all |
1876 | -@var{pid} arguments. The default signal to send if none is specified | |
703a6c3b | 1877 | -is @samp{TERM}@. The special signal number @samp{0} does not denote a |
a839fc2f JB |
1878 | -valid signal, but can be used to test whether the @var{pid} arguments |
1879 | -specify processes to which a signal could be sent. | |
1880 | - | |
1881 | -If @var{pid} is positive, the signal is sent to the process with the | |
c2be74f0 | 1882 | -process ID @var{pid}. If @var{pid} is zero, the signal is sent to all |
a839fc2f | 1883 | -processes in the process group of the current process. If @var{pid} |
c2be74f0 JB |
1884 | -is @minus{}1, the signal is sent to all processes for which the user has |
1885 | -permission to send a signal. If @var{pid} is less than @minus{}1, the signal | |
a839fc2f JB |
1886 | -is sent to all processes in the process group that equals the absolute |
1887 | -value of @var{pid}. | |
1888 | - | |
1889 | -If @var{pid} is not positive, a system-dependent set of system | |
1890 | -processes is excluded from the list of processes to which the signal | |
1891 | -is sent. | |
1892 | - | |
10c838b0 | 1893 | -If a negative @var{pid} argument is desired as the first one, it |
c2be74f0 | 1894 | -should be preceded by @option{--}. However, as a common extension to |
fd7af4a7 | 1895 | -POSIX, @option{--} is not required with @samp{kill |
c2be74f0 | 1896 | --@var{signal} -@var{pid}}. The following commands are equivalent: |
a839fc2f JB |
1897 | - |
1898 | -@example | |
1899 | -kill -15 -1 | |
1900 | -kill -TERM -1 | |
c2be74f0 | 1901 | -kill -s TERM -- -1 |
a839fc2f JB |
1902 | -kill -- -1 |
1903 | -@end example | |
1904 | - | |
1905 | -The first form of the @command{kill} command succeeds if every @var{pid} | |
1906 | -argument specifies at least one process that the signal was sent to. | |
1907 | - | |
1908 | -The second form of the @command{kill} command lists signal information. | |
1909 | -Either the @option{-l} or @option{--list} option, or the @option{-t} | |
1910 | -or @option{--table} option must be specified. Without any | |
1911 | -@var{signal} argument, all supported signals are listed. The output | |
1912 | -of @option{-l} or @option{--list} is a list of the signal names, one | |
1913 | -per line; if @var{signal} is already a name, the signal number is | |
1914 | -printed instead. The output of @option{-t} or @option{--table} is a | |
1915 | -table of signal numbers, names, and descriptions. This form of the | |
1916 | -@command{kill} command succeeds if all @var{signal} arguments are valid | |
1917 | -and if there is no output error. | |
1918 | - | |
1919 | -The @command{kill} command also supports the @option{--help} and | |
1920 | -@option{--version} options. @xref{Common options}. | |
1921 | - | |
1922 | -A @var{signal} may be a signal name like @samp{HUP}, or a signal | |
1923 | -number like @samp{1}, or an exit status of a process terminated by the | |
1924 | -signal. A signal name can be given in canonical form or prefixed by | |
703a6c3b | 1925 | -@samp{SIG}@. The case of the letters is ignored, except for the |
a839fc2f | 1926 | -@option{-@var{signal}} option which must use upper case to avoid |
703a6c3b JB |
1927 | -ambiguity with lower case option letters. |
1928 | -@xref{Signal specifications}, for a list of supported | |
1929 | -signal names and numbers. | |
a839fc2f JB |
1930 | - |
1931 | @node Delaying | |
1932 | @chapter Delaying | |
1933 | ||
46145361 | 1934 | @@ -16932,11 +16762,11 @@ |
fbb5b105 | 1935 | @c Perhaps @command{wait} or other commands should be described here also? |
a839fc2f JB |
1936 | |
1937 | @menu | |
1938 | -* sleep invocation:: Delay for a specified time. | |
1939 | +* sleep:: Delay for a specified time. | |
1940 | @end menu | |
1941 | ||
1942 | ||
1943 | -@node sleep invocation | |
1944 | +@node sleep | |
1945 | @section @command{sleep}: Delay for a specified time | |
1946 | ||
1947 | @pindex sleep | |
46145361 | 1948 | @@ -16986,13 +16816,13 @@ |
a839fc2f JB |
1949 | These programs do numerically-related operations. |
1950 | ||
1951 | @menu | |
1952 | -* factor invocation:: Show factors of numbers. | |
46145361 | 1953 | -* numfmt invocation:: Reformat numbers. |
a839fc2f JB |
1954 | -* seq invocation:: Print sequences of numbers. |
1955 | +* factor:: Show factors of numbers. | |
46145361 | 1956 | +* numfmt:: Reformat numbers. |
a839fc2f JB |
1957 | +* seq:: Print sequences of numbers. |
1958 | @end menu | |
1959 | ||
1960 | ||
1961 | -@node factor invocation | |
1962 | +@node factor | |
1963 | @section @command{factor}: Print prime factors | |
1964 | ||
1965 | @pindex factor | |
46145361 | 1966 | @@ -17050,7 +16880,7 @@ |
876a8767 JB |
1967 | @exitstatus |
1968 | ||
a839fc2f | 1969 | |
46145361 JB |
1970 | -@node numfmt invocation |
1971 | +@node numfmt | |
1972 | @section @command{numfmt}: Reformat numbers | |
1973 | ||
1974 | @pindex numfmt | |
1975 | @@ -17390,7 +17220,7 @@ | |
1976 | @end example | |
1977 | ||
1978 | ||
a839fc2f JB |
1979 | -@node seq invocation |
1980 | +@node seq | |
1981 | @section @command{seq}: Print numeric sequences | |
1982 | ||
1983 | @pindex seq |